Unit 2.3 Review

Why is the case of Marbury v. Madison important to the modern-day Supreme Court?

• It reinforced the power of the executive branch.
• It established the right to free speech.
• The case established the precedent of judicial review, which allows legislative and executive actions to be declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

• It limited the authority of state courts.

This cover of one of Voltaire’s published books shows him receiving divine light and inspiration from Isaac Newton as he translated Newton’s work. Which concept influenced the development of the Enlightenment?

• enlightened despots

• the Scientific Revolution

• constitutional government

• the writing of the Declaration of Independence

What was one way the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment were similar?

• They led to the Protestant Reformation.

• They rejected Renaissance secularism.

• They encouraged the spread of new ideas.

• They strengthened the institution of the Church.

What idea do both the English Bill of Rights and the Enlightenment political philosophy of John Locke support?

• Limited Government

• The establishment of a monarchy without limits.
• The promotion of absolute power for rulers.
• The denial of freedom of speech and assembly.

What was the foundation of Thomas Hobbes’s social contract?

• Only a laissez-faire government could produce an orderly society.

• Only a government that protected natural rights could produce an orderly society.

• Only a powerful government, such as an absolute monarchy, could produce an orderly society.

• Only a weak government, such as one headed by an enlightened despot, could produce an orderly society.

“Being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions.”

― John Locke, Second Treatise of Government

What document John Locke's view of natural rights directly influences?

• the Magna Carta

• the Petition of Right

• the United States Sentiments

• the Declaration of Independence

Which Enlightenment philosophy contributed to the French Revolution?

• rococo art

• laissez faire

• anarch rights

• social contract

Which Enlightenment thinker protested for equal education for girls and boys?

• John Locke

• Montesquieu

• Mary Wollstonecraft

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

The Enlightenment was a reaction to what political philosophy?

• anarchy

• absolutism

• democracy

• communism

Which Enlightenment philosopher proposed separation of powers as the best way to protect liberty?

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• Montesquieu
• Thomas Hobbes
• John Locke