An experiment using alpha particles to bombard a thin sheet of gold foil indicated that most of the volume of the atoms in the foil is taken up by

• electrons

• protons

• neutrons

• empty space

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-3

In Rutherford's gold foil experiments, some alpha particles were deflected from their original paths but most passed through the foil with no deflection. Which statement about gold atoms is supported by these experimental observations?

• Gold atoms consist mostly of empty space.

• Gold atoms are similar to alpha particles.

• Alpha particles and gold nuclei have opposite charges.

• Alpha particles are more dense than gold atoms.

Which statement best describes the nucleus of an aluminum atom?

• It has a charge of +13 and is surrounded by a total of 10 electrons.

• It has a charge of +13 and is surrounded by a total of 13 electrons.

• It has a charge of −13 and is surrounded by a total of 10 electrons.

• It has a charge of −13 and is surrounded by a total of 13 electrons.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-8

According to the wave-mechanical model of the atom, an orbital is a region of the most probable location of

• an alpha particle

• a gamma ray

• an electron

• a proton

Which term is defined as the region in an atom where an electron is most likely to be located?

• nucleus

• orbital

• quanta

• spectra

Krypton atoms in the ground state tend not to bond with other atoms because their

• second electron shell contains eight electrons

• third electron shell contains eighteen electrons

• innermost electron shell contains two electrons

• outermost electron shell contains eight electrons

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

The characteristic bright-line spectrum of an element is produced when electrons

• are given off as beta particles

• are gained from another atom

• move to higher energy levels

• fall back to lower energy levels

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

When the electrons of an excited atom fall back to lower levels, there is an emission of energy that produces

• beta particles

• alpha particles

• spectral lines

• gamma radiation

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

During a flame test, ions of a specific metal are heated in the flame of a gas burner. A characteristic color of light is emitted by these ions in the flame when the electrons

• gain energy as they return to lower energy levels

• gain energy as they move to higher energy levels

• emit energy as they return to lower energy levels

• emit energy as they move to higher energy levels

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

All of the atoms of argon have the same

• mass number

• atomic number

• number of neutrons

• number of nucleons