Johnson Takes Office

Which of the following was a challenge for Southern States after the Civil War?

• Economic collapse and destruction of transportation infrastructure.

• Struggles over timing and severity of Reconstruction.

• Emancipation caused chaos in agriculture.

• South's economy in ruins; land value plummeting.

Answer explanation

After the Civil War, Southern States faced significant economic collapse and destruction of transportation infrastructure, which severely hindered recovery efforts and contributed to ongoing hardships.

What was a key aspect of Lincoln’s Plan during Reconstruction?

• Punish Southern states and prevent Confederate leaders' return.

• General amnesty offered to loyal Southerners.

• Strengthen the Republican Party’s political control in the South.

• Ensure political equality for all.

Answer explanation

A key aspect of Lincoln's Plan was the offer of general amnesty to loyal Southerners, aiming to promote reconciliation and rebuild the nation rather than punish the South, which distinguishes it from harsher approaches.

Who were the Radical Republicans led by?

• Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson.

• Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner.

• Ulysses S. Grant and William T. Sherman.

• Jefferson Davis and Robert E. Lee.

Answer explanation

The Radical Republicans were primarily led by Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner, who advocated for strong measures against the South and for civil rights for freed slaves during Reconstruction.

What did the Wade-Davis Bill require in Confederate states?

• A) A simple majority to take a loyalty oath

• B) A majority or over to take a loyalty oath

• C) No loyalty oath required

• D) Only military leaders to take a loyalty oath

Answer explanation

The Wade-Davis Bill required a majority of white male citizens in Confederate states to take a loyalty oath, making option B the correct choice. This was stricter than Lincoln's plan, which allowed a simple majority.

What was the purpose of the Freedman's Bureau?

• A) To establish new state governments

• B) To assist freedmen and war refugees

• C) To collect taxes from Confederate states

• D) To negotiate peace treaties

Answer explanation

The Freedman's Bureau was established to assist freedmen and war refugees by providing food, housing, education, and medical care, making option B the correct choice.

What was the main goal of Johnson's restoration program initiated in 1865?

• To punish former Confederate states

• To restore the South to the Union

• To expand the Union territories

• To abolish the Thirteenth Amendment

Answer explanation

The main goal of Johnson's restoration program was to restore the South to the Union after the Civil War, facilitating the reintegration of Southern states and addressing the political and social challenges of Reconstruction.

Who was excluded from Johnson's amnesty proclamation?

• Former Confederate soldiers

• Former Confederate officers and officials

• Southern farmers

• Northern industrialists

Answer explanation

Johnson's amnesty proclamation excluded former Confederate officers and officials, as they were seen as responsible for the rebellion, while former soldiers and other groups were generally granted amnesty.

What were the Black Codes intended to do?

• Promote African American rights

• Limit African American rights

• Encourage African American migration

• Abolish slavery

Answer explanation

The Black Codes were laws enacted in the South after the Civil War to restrict the rights of African Americans, aiming to limit their freedom and maintain white supremacy, thus the correct answer is to limit African American rights.

What was the reaction of many Republicans to the election of former Confederate leaders to Congress?

• They supported it

• They were indifferent

• They found it unacceptable

• They celebrated it

Answer explanation

Many Republicans found the election of former Confederate leaders to Congress unacceptable due to their association with the Confederacy and the Civil War, which conflicted with the party's values and goals during Reconstruction.

How was Johnson’s Plan like Lincoln’s or the Radical Republicans Plan?

• It was identical to Lincoln's Plan.

• It was identical to the Radical Republicans Plan.

• It had similarities to both Lincoln's and the Radical Republicans Plan.

• It was completely different from both plans.

Answer explanation

Johnson’s Plan shared elements with both Lincoln’s lenient approach and the Radical Republicans' emphasis on civil rights, reflecting a blend of reconciliation and stricter measures for Reconstruction.