Understanding Earthquake Forces and Effects

What is the primary cause of earthquakes?

• Volcanic eruptions

• Movement of tectonic plates

• Ocean tides

• Wind erosion

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Which of the following is a type of seismic wave is a compressional wave?

• Surface waves

• P-waves

• Ocean waves

• Light waves

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

What is stress in the context of geology?

• The amount of deformation experienced by a material

• The force applied per unit area within rocks

• The temperature change in rocks

• The color change in minerals

What does strain refer to in geological terms?

• The force applied to a rock

• The change in shape or size of a rock due to stress

• The temperature of a rock

• The density of a rock

Which of the following best describes the stress-strain curve?

• A graph showing the relationship between temperature and pressure

• A graph showing the relationship between stress and strain

• A graph showing the relationship between time and distance

• A graph showing the relationship between mass and volume

What is the difference between elastic and plastic deformation?

• Elastic deformation is permanent, while plastic deformation is temporary.

• Elastic deformation is temporary, while plastic deformation is permanent.

• Both are permanent changes in shape.

• Both are temporary changes in shape.

Which type of fault is characterized by the hanging wall moving downward relative to the footwall?

• Reverse fault

• Normal fault

• Strike-slip fault

• Oblique fault

What type of seismic wave is known for causing the most damage during an earthquake?

• P-waves

• S-waves

• Surface waves

• Radio waves

In the context of earthquakes, what does the term "focus" refer to?

• The point on the Earth's surface directly above the earthquake

• The point within the Earth where the earthquake originates

• The area affected by the earthquake

• The intensity of the earthquake

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Which type of fault is associated with horizontal movement of tectonic plates?

• Normal fault

• Reverse fault

• Strike-slip fault

• Thrust fault