lecture 5 enzymes and energy

What are the main function of enzymes?

• They allow cellular work by lowering the activation energy required for reactions, acting as biological catalysts

• They act as passive carriers, transporting reactants to their sites of action without affecting reaction rates.

• They increase reaction rates by raising the temperature and pressure within the cellular environment.

• They break down ATP directly into energy and provide substrates for reactions.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

What is the name of the molecules that enzymes react with?

• reactants
• products
• substrates
• catalysts

What happens once the enzyme-substrate complex breaks?

• The enzyme is destroyed and the substrate remains unchanged.
• The enzyme and substrate both remain bound together.
• The substrate is released and the enzyme is converted into products.
• The enzyme is released and the substrate is converted into products.

What is the active site of the enzyme?

• The active site is where the enzyme is produced in the cell.
• The active site is the region that binds to other enzymes.
• The active site is the region of the enzyme where substrate binding occurs.

Why is the shape of proteins so important?

• The shape determines its ability to replicate DNA and provide genetic information to substrates.

• Incorrect shapes are still able to bind to substrates but require additional energy to function.

• Proteins need to have the proper shape to react specifically with their substrate and carry out their function.

• The shape ensures they remain stable under varying environmental conditions, regardless of substrate presence.

When an apple is cut open, its proteins start to brown. This is an example of the 3D structure of proteins responding to the _______.

• environment
• temperature
• pH level
• light exposure

What are co-factors? What role do they play in enzyme function?

• Minerals or vitamins that act as an alternative energy source for enzymes during reactions.

• Structural proteins that stabilize enzymes under extreme environmental conditions.

• Minerals or vitamins that bind to an enzyme to achieve the correct shape needed to catalyze a reaction.

• Genetic materials that encode enzymes to ensure accurate synthesis.

Inhibitors can bind to the enzyme and block functionality. What is a competitive inhibitor?

• It binds specifically to the active site of the enzyme to block the substrate.

• It binds to another site of the enzyme to change its shape.

Inhibitors can bind to the enzyme and block functionality. What is a non-competitive inhibitor?

• It binds specifically to the active site of the enzyme to block the substrate.

• 
  It binds to another site of the enzyme to change its shape.

What kind of energy do cells have bound between molecules?

• Thermal energy

• Kinetic energy

• Potential energy

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-PS1-4