Understanding Diffusion and Transport Processes

What is the process called when water moves through a selectively permeable membrane to balance concentrations on both sides?

• Diffusion

• Osmosis

• Active Transport

• Endocytosis

Which term describes a solution where the concentration of solutes is the same inside and outside of a cell?

• Hypertonic

• Hypotonic

• Isotonic

• Equilibrium

Explain how a contractile vacuole helps maintain homeostasis in a cell.

• It stores nutrients for the cell.

• It pumps out excess water to prevent the cell from bursting.

• It helps in the digestion of food particles.

• It transports oxygen into the cell.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Compare and contrast passive transport and active transport in terms of energy usage.

• Both require energy to move substances across the cell membrane.

• Passive transport requires energy, while active transport does not.

• Passive transport does not require energy, while active transport does.

• Neither requires energy to move substances across the cell membrane.

Why might a cell use endocytosis instead of passive transport to take in large molecules?

• Endocytosis is faster than passive transport.

• Large molecules cannot pass through the cell membrane via passive transport.

• Endocytosis does not require energy.

• Passive transport is only used for water molecules.

Predict what would happen to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution and explain why.

• The cell would swell because water moves into the cell.

• The cell would shrink because water moves out of the cell.

• The cell would remain the same because no water movement occurs.

• The cell would burst because too much water enters.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What is the main function of a selectively permeable membrane in a cell?

• To allow all substances to enter and exit the cell freely.

• To control what substances can enter and exit the cell.

• To store genetic information.

• To provide energy for the cell.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which process involves a cell engulfing a large particle by wrapping its membrane around it?

• Exocytosis

• Endocytosis

• Diffusion

• Osmosis

How does cystic fibrosis affect the movement of substances in the body?

• It enhances the movement of water across cell membranes.

• It causes thick mucus that obstructs the movement of substances.

• It prevents the movement of oxygen into the bloodstream.

• It increases the rate of diffusion in the lungs.

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NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Design an experiment to demonstrate the effects of a hypotonic solution on plant cells.

• Place plant cells in a hypertonic solution and observe them under a microscope.

• Place plant cells in a hypotonic solution and measure the increase in cell size.

• Place plant cells in an isotonic solution and record any changes.

• Place plant cells in a dry environment and note the effects.