Exploring Genetic Engineering Techniques

What is the primary purpose of cloning in biological research?

• To create genetically identical copies of an organism

• To introduce new genes into an organism

• To sequence the DNA of an organism

• To increase genetic diversity

Which of the following is a common application of gene therapy?

• Treating bacterial infections

• Correcting genetic disorders

• Enhancing athletic performance

• Cloning endangered species

What is the main function of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

• To cut DNA at specific sequences

• To amplify small segments of DNA

• To sequence entire genomes

• To splice genes into plasmids

Which of the following is a method used in DNA profiling?

• Gel electrophoresis

• Southern blotting

• Northern blotting

• Western blotting

Gene splicing is primarily used to:

• Remove entire chromosomes

• Insert or remove specific genes

• Clone entire organisms

• Sequence DNA

Which of the following is an example of a transgenic organism?

• A cloned sheep

• A bacterium producing human insulin

• A naturally occurring plant

• A wild-type fruit fly

What is a key advantage of using PCR in genetic research?

• It requires large amounts of DNA

• It is a slow and labor-intensive process

• It can amplify DNA from a small sample

• It can only be used on living cells

Which of the following is a potential risk of gene therapy?

• Increased biodiversity

• Unintended immune responses

• Enhanced plant growth

• Improved disease resistance

In cloning, what is the role of the surrogate mother?

• To provide the genetic material

• To carry and give birth to the cloned organism

• To splice genes into the embryo

• To sequence the DNA of the clone

Which enzyme is crucial for the polymerase chain reaction?

• Ligase

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase

• Restriction enzyme