According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy:

• Can be created but not destroyed

• Cannot be created or destroyed

• Is created by producers

• Is destroyed during chemical reactions

What is the primary source of energy for the Earth?

• The Moon

• Fossil fuels

• The Sun

• Nuclear energy

What does "albedo" refer to?

• The amount of energy absorbed by the atmosphere

• The amount of energy reflected by clouds, water, and land

• The rate of energy transfer between organisms

• The heat capacity of the Earth

How does climate change affect Earth's albedo?

• It increases albedo by creating more reflective surfaces

• It decreases albedo due to melting ice and snow

• It has no effect on Earth's albedo

• It causes energy to flow directly into space

What is the primary purpose of photosynthesis in plants?

• To release oxygen into the atmosphere

• To convert radiant energy into chemical energy

• To consume glucose for energy

• To decompose organic matter

Why are producers classified as "autotrophs"?

• They consume other organisms for food

• They rely on chemical energy from other organisms

• They produce their own food using sunlight or chemical energy

• They decompose organic matter into nutrients

What is the main product of cellular respiration?

• Glucose

• Oxygen

• ATP

• Carbon dioxide

Match the following descriptions with the correct classification of organisms.

• Heterotrophs

• They depend on other organisms for energy

• Plants

• They break down waste products

• Decomposers

• They store energy as glucose

• Autotrophs

• They produce their own food

(a)   is a primary consumer.

• Lion
• Deer
• Hawk
• Fungi

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

• They consume primary producers

• They convert organic matter into nutrients

• They produce energy from sunlight

• They occupy the first trophic level