Which of these statements is supported by the data shown in the table?

• Most kingdoms are made up of prokaryotic cells.

• All cells have nuclei for control of cell functions.

• Eukaryotic cells vary in covering and in food production.

• Each of the kingdoms has different organelles for metabolism.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

The diagram shows the process of osmosis. Only the water molecules could enter the cell because water molecules -

• have more energy than the protein molecules

• are smaller than the protein molecules

• are more numerous than the protein molecules

• contain more hydrogen atoms than the protein molecules

"I took a good clear piece of Cork and with a Pen-Knife sharpen'd as keen as a razor . . . cut off . . . an exceeding thin piece of it. For upon examination with my Microscope, I could exceedingly plainly perceive it to be all perforated and porous . . . These pores, or cells, were not very deep, but consisted of a great many little Boxes."

These words were written by Robert Hooke in 1665. The pores or cells that Hooke described were really -

• nuclei

• cell walls

• cell membranes

• mitochondria

In cows, long hair is dominant to short hair. In a cow that is heterozygous for long hair, what percentage of the cells undergoing meiosis will carry the dominant allele?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

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NGSS.HS-LS4-3

The process of photosynthesis ultimately converts light energy into -

• mechanical energy

• electrical energy

• chemical energy

• nuclear energy

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NGSS.HS-LS1-5

A cell with numerous ribosomes is probably specialized for -

• enzyme storage

• energy production

• cell division

• protein synthesis

The eukaryotic organism described in the chart should be classified as -

• an animal

• a bacterium

• a fungus

• a plant

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NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Enzymes only work with specific substrates because each substrate -

• has a specific activation site for enzyme attachment

• can only use a specific ionic bond with the enzyme

• destroys its specific enzyme

• actively interferes with other substrates around it

An organism that causes infections in plants and animals, but cannot be seen with a light microscope similar to that used in a high school biology course, is most likely a -

• virus

• bacterium

• fungus

• protist

Which of the following phases is the first step of mitosis?

• anaphase

• metaphase

• prophase

• telophase

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4