G9-L5 Pastoralists in the Modern World

What significant migration occurred in the nineteenth century?

• Gujjar Bakarwals to Jammu and Kashmir
• Dhangars to Maharashtra
• Maasai to Kenya
• Raikas to Sindh

What was the estimated population of Dhangars in Maharashtra in the early twentieth century?

• 467,000
• 500,000
• 400,000
• 600,000

What legislation was passed in 1871 that affected tribal communities in India?

• Forest Acts
• Waste Land Rules
• Criminal Tribes Act
• Grazing Tax Collection

Which act began to be enacted in various parts of India during the mid-nineteenth century?

• Waste Land Rules
• Forest Acts
• Grazing Tax
• Maasailand Division

What was the impact of the severe drought in 1933-1934 on the Maasai cattle?

• Increased cattle population
• No impact
• Over half of the cattle died
• Cattle migrated to other regions

What happened to Maasailand in 1885?

• It was unified
• It was divided between British Kenya and German Tanganyika
• It was annexed by India
• It became a national park

What was the purpose of the Grazing Tax collection auctioned to contractors between the 1850s and 1880s?

• To regulate grazing lands
• To increase government revenue
• To support pastoralists
• To promote agriculture

After 1947, which group could no longer move into Sindh?

• Dhangars
• Raikas
• Gujjar Bakarwals
• Maasai

What was the total number of cattle owned by the Maasai in Kenya according to the 1930 enquiry?

• 720,000
• 800,000
• 600,000
• 500,000

Which act was enacted to manage land use in India during the mid-nineteenth century?

• Waste Land Rules
• Criminal Tribes Act
• Forest Acts
• Grazing Tax