What is an algorithm?

• A random guess for a solution.

• A complex mathematical theorem.

• An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem.

• A type of computer hardware.

Answer explanation

An algorithm is defined as a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem, making it the correct choice. The other options do not accurately describe what an algorithm is.

What is the purpose of a loop in an algorithm?

• To execute a block of code repeatedly based on a condition.

• To increase the speed of the algorithm.

• To define the structure of an algorithm.

• To store data temporarily during execution.

Answer explanation

A loop in an algorithm is used to execute a block of code repeatedly based on a condition, allowing for efficient processing of tasks that require repetition, such as iterating through data or performing calculations multiple times.

What is a flowchart used for in algorithms?

• A flowchart is used to calculate numerical values in an algorithm.

• A flowchart is a type of programming language.

• A flowchart is used to visually represent the steps and decisions in an algorithm.

• A flowchart is used to store data in an algorithm.

Answer explanation

A flowchart is used to visually represent the steps and decisions in an algorithm, making it easier to understand the process and flow of the algorithm. This distinguishes it from other options that do not accurately describe its purpose.

How do algorithms help in problem-solving?

• Algorithms help in problem-solving by providing structured, step-by-step methods to analyze and solve complex issues efficiently.

• Algorithms eliminate the need for any analysis in problem-solving.

• Algorithms are only useful for simple tasks and not for complex issues.

• Algorithms only provide random solutions to problems.

Answer explanation

Algorithms provide structured, step-by-step methods that help analyze and solve complex problems efficiently, making them essential for effective problem-solving.

Why is it important to analyze the efficiency of an algorithm?

• To increase the number of resources used by the algorithm.

• It is important to analyze the efficiency of an algorithm to ensure optimal performance and resource utilization.

• To ensure the algorithm runs slower for better debugging.

• To make the algorithm more complex and difficult to understand.

Answer explanation

Analyzing the efficiency of an algorithm is crucial for ensuring it performs optimally and utilizes resources effectively, which is essential for scalability and speed in real-world applications.

Suppose you are measuring the level of the water inside the soil; the program is showing values close to 1023. What does it mean?

• It is not possible to measure with the sensor.

• the soil has too much water

• the soil needs water because is dry

• the soil has enough water

Answer explanation

A value close to 1023 indicates that the soil is dry and needs water. This suggests insufficient moisture levels, making 'the soil needs water because is dry' the correct interpretation.

Predict what shape the flowchart will produce.

• 
• 
• 
• 

Asha has drawn a picture of a train and wants to create a program to draw this one. Asha has drawn a flowchart for part of the train. Predict which part(s) of the train the flowchart will create.

• B-C

• A-B

• A-B-D

• B-D

Answer explanation

The flowchart represents the steps to create parts A and B of the train. Therefore, the correct answer is A-B, as it indicates the specific parts that will be drawn based on Asha's flowchart.

What is the primary function of a conditional statement in an algorithm?

• To execute a block of code only if a specified condition is true.

• To store data permanently in an algorithm.

• To repeat a block of code multiple times.

• To define the overall structure of the algorithm.

Which of the following best describes a variable in programming?

• A variable is a type of algorithm.

• A variable is a storage location identified by a name that can hold different values during program execution.

• A variable is used only for mathematical calculations.

• A variable is a fixed value that cannot change.