Renaissance & Reformation Unit Review

The conquest of Constantinople by Muslim forces led to which historic event?

• Spread of Eastern religions in the Middle East

• Expansion of the Ottoman Empire

• Weakening of the Catholic Church

• Establishment of trade with Western nations

Which factor contributed to the Ottoman Empire’s stability and power?

• Preference for diplomacy over warfare

• Adoption of democratic governments

• Establishment of private military forces

• Tolerance for many religious practices

How did the rise of the Ottoman Empire affect global trade?

• Eastern European countries unified under one monarchal leader.

• Eastern European leaders negotiated peace terms with rival nations.

• Western European leaders increased authority over trade routes in Asia.

• Western European countries paid a tax on trade goods from Asia.

How did the Ottoman Empire influence Portugal to find a sea route to India (Asia)?

• by controlling access to land routes to Asia

• by providing Europeans with advanced navigation technology

• by creating accurate maps of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans

• by forbidding Asian countries from developing merchant fleets

Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?

• Italy was at the center of trade routes between Asia and Europe during and after the Crusades

• Italian rulers were expected to have fine art commissioned for their homes, whereas other European

  rulers were not

• The Catholic Church was centered in Italy, and the Church initiated the Renaissance

• The Roman Empire still existed in Italy and it was revived by the successful Crusades, leading to the

  Renaissance

Patrons were wealthy individuals that paid for many of the paintings, writings, and sculptures of the Renaissance. What family were the major patrons of the Renaissance?

• The Artisan Family

• The da Vinci Family

• The Splinter Family

• The Medici Family

Renaissance painters developed which technique to improve realism in their works?

• mixing colors

• showing perspective

• using religious themes

• including human figures

What new way of thinking put an emphasis on a person as an individual rather than part of a larger group?

• Modernism

• Humanism

• Transcendentalism

• Secularism

Secularism, a movement of the Renaissance period, indicates what kind of societal shift?

• A shift toward more overtly religious themes in art, literature, and philosophy

• A shift away from governments ruled by a monarch

• A shift toward eliminating all Christian churches in Europe

• A shift away from religious themes in art, literature, and philosophy

How did the new ideas and scientific advances of the Renaissance challenge the Catholic Church?

• New Renaissance universities, which emphasized scientific research, gave most citizens educational

  opportunities that challenged the religious institutions

• Individualism and humanist ideas from the Renaissance challenged citizens to seek answers for

  themselves rather than from religious institutions

• New merchant guilds formed by the middle class owed allegiance to the leaders of the Renaissance

  rather than the Catholic Church

• Feudal noble landowners accepted the scientific advances of the Renaissance that were supported by the

  Catholic Church