Unit 7: Lesson 1: Reducing Human Impact Review

Which activity would be part of a logical plan to reduce each person’s resource use at home?

• A. The city installs a recycling center
• B. People turn off the lights that are not inuse
• C. People drive below the speed limit to save gas
• People burn trash instead of putting it out for pickup

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Which of these is an example of a way that a school can reduce the amount of water the school uses?

• A. Install automatic faucets in the restrooms.
• B. Recycle aluminum cans and plastic bottles in the cafeteria.
• C. Turn off computers in the computer lab when they’re not in use.
• Collect waste food and make a compost pile for a school garden

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What is one challenge that comes with using new technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?

• A. New technologies are not yet available.
• B. New technologies only work in certain areas.
• C. New technologies can be more expensive than existing technology.
• New technologies can consume more fossil fuels

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6. California has ongoing concerns with ground-level ozone pollution. One way in which ozone forms is when chemicals from car exhaust react with heat and sunlight. The Clean Air Act was passed in 1970 and was amended in 1977 and 1990. This act authorized federal and state agencies to limit emissions to protect and improve air quality, including by setting maximum allowable levels of air pollutants, such as ground-level ozone. The maps show the number of days each county had a level of ozone that exceeded the acceptable levels in California in 1990 and 2018. What conclusions can you draw about the effects of the Clean Air Act amendments of 1990 on ground-level ozone concentrations in California from the maps? Click 4 that are true:

• A. The maps support the claim that the Clean Air Act led to an improvement in air quality in California.
• B. In general, California has decreased in ground-level ozone pollution since the 1990 Clean Air Act amendments.
• C. There is no correlation between California’s ground-level ozone concentrations and the amendment of the Clean Air Act.
• D. The effects of the Clean Air Act on California’s air quality may be more clear if a different measurement of air quality is monitored.
• E. Differences in air quality over time could be due to improvements in car technologies and the public being more aware of the environmental hazard.

A city is considering several competing systems designed to monitor resource use in the city. Which of the following is important to consider?

• A. The competing systems must use new technologies.
• B. The competing systems must have the same design criteria.
• C. The competing systems must monitor different resources.
• The competing systems must have different constraints

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A city with a population of 1 million people has a recycling program that collects a wide variety of materials. In contrast, a smaller city with a population of 50,000 has a more limited recycling program. What could be a reason for this difference in recycling programs?

• A. The larger city has more resources and funding to support diverse recycling options.
• B. The smaller city produces more recyclable waste than the larger city.
• C. People in the smaller city are less aware of the importance of recycling.
• The larger city has stricter laws that require more recycling

The graph shows the deforestation rate in the Amazon Basin and the rate of export of hardwoods and beef from the same region. Which statements are TRUE? Select ALL that apply

• A. The graph indicates that deforestation caused a decline in hardwood exports.

• B. The graph shows that increasing beef exports caused a decrease in deforestation rates.

• C. The graph shows a stronger correlation between hardwood exports and deforestation than between beef exports and deforestation.

• D. To monitor factors other than beef and hardwood exports that may affect deforestation rates, those factors should be graphed against deforestation rates.

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Ashley is researching the effects of the construction of a paved industrial center on the local natural and agricultural areas. Which are POSITIVE impacts? Select ALL that apply.

• Native grasses are replaced by concrete and asphalt.

• Wetland areas around local streams increased in area.

• Water quality in wetland and stream environments declined.

• Groundwater recharge rates declined, and the aquifer level dropped.

• Farms downstream from the industrial area reported rich soil deposition on low-lying fields.

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Plastic waste and pollution have negative effects on oceans and wildlife. Before 1980, all plastics were discarded into landfills. In 1980, plastics began to be recycled and incinerated. Not all plastics can be recycled, and recycling requires significant energy, usually provided by burning fossil fuels. Incineration burns plastic, which produces carbon dioxide and other harmful gases but also generates heat that can be converted into electrical energy. In 2015, it was estimated that 55% of global plastic waste was discarded, 25% was incinerated, and 20% was recycled. If plastic waste continues to be discarded into landfills at the 2015 rate of 55%, what is the most likely long-term effect on the environment?

• A. There will be a significant decrease in the amount of plastic in the oceans, improving marine life.
• B. The amount of plastic in landfills will continue to grow, eventually running out of space in landfills, leading to increased pollution and harm to wildlife.
• C. More people will start recycling plastics, reducing the amount of waste in landfills.

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How does recycling plastic help reduce the negative environmental impacts of plastic waste?

• A. Recycling plastic creates more plastic waste that needs to be managed.
• B. Recycling plastic reduces the amount of new plastic produced, which lowers pollution and conserves resources.
• C. Recycling plastic has no effect on the environment since it is still waste.

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