MPU 2262- Chapter 6 Heuristics

What is the primary benefit of heuristics?

• To guarantee accurate decisions

• To simplify complex decisions quickly

• To eliminate cognitive biases

• To disregard important details

Which of the following best describes heuristics?

• Detailed analysis of all possible options

• A systematic mathematical approach

• Guarantee of problem resolution

• Mental shortcuts for quick decision-making

What type of heuristic involves evaluating probabilities by resemblance?

• Availability heuristic

• Representativeness heuristic

• Creative heuristic

• Risk assessment heuristic

What is an example of the availability heuristic?

• Judging crime rates based on media reports

• Assuming a well-dressed person is a professional

• Guessing someone's job based on stereotypes

• Using common sense in emergency situations

Why are heuristics essential in critical situations, like in medical emergencies?

• They provide guaranteed solutions.

• They allow professionals to act quickly based on experience.

• They eliminate errors in judgment.

• They replace detailed procedures.

What does the representativeness heuristic rely on?

• Stereotypes and similarities

• Previous experiences

• Logical reasoning

• Statistical analysis

What is one disadvantage of heuristic thinking?

• It is too slow for decision-making.

• It eliminates creativity.

• It can lead to reasoning errors and biases.

• It ensures inaccurate responses.

What is the availability heuristic based on?

• The ease of recalling information from memory

• Statistical probabilities of events

• Logical comparisons between options

• Expert knowledge of a situation

In creative heuristics, what is the purpose of reverse assumptions?

• To accept existing ideas without question

• To limit the range of possible solutions

• To strengthen initial assumptions

• To challenge conventional thinking and find alternatives

Which heuristic involves using a "rule of thumb" or educated guess?

• Representativeness heuristic

• Creative heuristic

• Availability heuristic

• Real-life practice heuristic