Carpentry timber conversion

Match 4 different methods of conversion

• Through and through

• 
• Quarter Sawn

• 
• Tangential

• 
• Box Heart

• 

​ (a)   trees have broad leaves with an encased seed and known as ​ (b)   . ​ (c)   trees have needles and seeds held in​ (d)   and known as ​ (e)   .

• Hardwood
• deciduous
• Softwood
• cones
• coniferous
• Palm, tropical
• Cactus, succulent
• Bamboo, grass

What is the seasoning defect here?

e

Cupping

Case Hardening

Bow

Twist

Splits

Link the 5 seasoning defects

• Splits

• 
• Cupping

• 
• Bow

• 
• Twist

• 
• Case hardening

• 

Name 6 different natural defects found in timber

Can you draw a Hardwood leaf?

What is Timber conversion?

Answer explanation

The process actually starts before the tree is even cut down! Foresters often carefully plan how the tree will be sawn (like quarter-sawing, plain-sawing, or rift-sawing) while it’s still standing to maximize its strength, beauty, and efficiency for the intended purpose.

What parts of the tree can you identify?

a

b

c

d

Leaves

softwood

Roots

Trunk

Branches

twig

decidious