Mastering Organic Chemistry: Functional Groups and Homologous Series

What is the general formula for alkanes?

• CnH2n+2

• CnH2n

• CnH2n-2

• CnHn

Answer explanation

The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2. This formula represents that for every carbon atom, there are two hydrogen atoms plus two additional hydrogen atoms.

Which functional group is characterized by a carbon-carbon double bond?

• Alkane

• Alkene

• Alkyne

• Hydroxyl

Identify the functional group present in ethanol (C2H5OH).

• Aldehyde

• Ketone

• Hydroxyl

• Carboxylic acid

What is the distinguishing feature of an aldehyde group?

• A carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of a carbon chain

• A carbonyl group (C=O) in the middle of a carbon chain

• A nitrogen atom bonded to a carbon atom

• A carbon-carbon triple bond

Which of the following is the general formula for a ketone?

• R-CHO

• R-COOH

• R-CO-R'

• R-NH2

What is the functional group called in organic compounds that contain a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms?

• Hydroxyl

• Aldehyde

• Amino

• Amido

In the context of organic chemistry, what does an amide group consist of?

• A nitrogen atom double-bonded to a carbon atom

• A nitrogen atom single-bonded to a carbonyl group

• A nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms

• A nitrogen atom bonded to a hydroxyl group

Which functional group is characterized by the presence of a hydroxyl group directly attached to a carbon atom that is also part of a carbonyl group?

• Ester

• Ether

• Aldehyde

• Carboxylic acid

What is the main difference between members of a homologous series?

• Different functional groups

• Different molecular geometries

• A difference in the molecular formula by a CH2 unit

• A difference in the number of carbon-carbon double bonds

Which of the following compounds is an alkyne?

• C2H6

• C2H4

• C2H2

• C3H8