Statistical Reasoning

the science of collecting, analyzing, interpreting, presenting, and organizing data to understand patterns, make predictions, and draw meaningful conclusions about a population or phenomenon

• Approximate

• Statistics

• Correlation

• Deterministic

a straight line that shows the trend of the given scattered data points on a graph. The slope of the line is used to predict the behavior of data and show progression. There should be an equal amount of points both above and below the line.

• Bivariate Data

• Line of Best Fit

• Scatter Plot

• Linear Model

a relationship between two variables in which an increase in the value of one variable is associated with an increase in the value of the other, indicating an upward trend or pattern

• Negative Correlation

• Positive Correlation

• Strong Correlation

• Weak Correlation

a relationship between two variables in which an increase in the value of one variable is associated with a decrease in the value of the other, causing a downward trend or pattern.

• Negative Correlation

• Positive Correlation

• Strong Correlation

• Weak Correlation

The table shows the monthly sales at a pizza parlor for a 6-month period. Which statement is the best inference that can be made from the table?

• January had the lowest sales.

• The period with the greatest increase in monthly sales was from May to June.

• Sales for July will be greater than $10,000.

• The sales will drop over the next 2-month period.

A representative sample of 80 customers in a clothing store was surveyed about how they paid for their purchases. The table shows the responses. Based on the results, which of the following are valid inferences. Select all that apply.

• Tomorrow, 8 out of the first 80 customers will for sure pay with a gift card.

• In a group of 40 customers, it is expected that about 10 will pay with cash.

• About 0.3, or 30%, of all the store's customers will pay with a credit card.

• A sample of 100 customers would provide less reliable data.

True or False: all samples lead to a good prediction about an entire population.

• True

• False

A representative sample of 80 customers in a clothing store was surveyed about how they paid for their purchases. The table shows the responses. Based on the results, which of the following are valid inferences. Select two answer choices.

• Tomorrow, 8 out of the first 80 customers will for sure pay with a gift card.

• In a group of 40 customers, it is expected that about 10 will pay with cash.

• About 30% of all the store's customers will pay with a credit card.

• A sample of 100 customers would provide less reliable data.

The manager of a music store surveyed a random sample of customer who shop in the store about their favorite type of music. The table shows the number of customers who selected each type of music. Based on the information in the table, which inference about the favorite type of music of all the customers who shop in the music store appears to be valid?

• They are certain to select rock or pop music.

• They are less likely to select country or rap music than rock music.

• They are more likely to select country music than jazz, classical, or rap music.

• They are certain to select any type of music other than jazz music.

The manager of a music store surveyed a random sample of customer who shop in the store about their favorite type of music. The table shows the number of customers who selected each type of music. Based on the information in the table, which inference about the favorite type of music of all the customers who shop in the music store appears to be valid?

• They are certain to select rock or pop music.

• They are less likely to select country or rap music than rock music.

• They are more likely to select country music than jazz, classical, or rap music.

• They are certain to select any type of music other than jazz music.