Cellular Components of the Nervous System (Abbreviated)

Nervous system consists of which two type of cells?

• Stem cells and platelets

• Red blood cells and white blood cells

• Neurons and glial cells

• Muscles and bones

Answer explanation

The nervous system is primarily composed of neurons, which transmit signals, and glial cells, which support and protect neurons. Other options do not represent the main cell types in the nervous system.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

• To provide structural support to the body

• To facilitate communication throughout the body using electrical signals

• To transport nutrients and oxygen to cells

• To isolate and protect the body from pathogens

Answer explanation

The primary function of the nervous system is to facilitate communication throughout the body using electrical signals, allowing for rapid responses and coordination of bodily functions.

What part of a neuron is represented by the letter E on the drawing?

• Synapse

• Cell Body

• Axon 

• Dendrite

Answer explanation

The cell body is the part of a neuron that contains the nucleus and organelles. It integrates signals received from dendrites and is essential for the neuron's function, making it the correct answer.

The tiny gap between neurons where nerve impulses are sent from one neuron to another.  It is where communication occurs between an axon and dendrite

• synapse

• axon terminal

• impulse

• myelin

Answer explanation

The tiny gap between neurons where communication occurs is called a synapse. It is the site where nerve impulses are transmitted from the axon of one neuron to the dendrite of another, making 'synapse' the correct answer.

Which of the following are types of neurons? May be more than one.

• sensory

• motor

• automatic

• electical

Answer explanation

Sensory and motor neurons are types of neurons. Sensory neurons transmit sensory information to the brain, while motor neurons carry signals from the brain to muscles. 'Automatic' and 'electrical' are not recognized types of neurons.

What is the name of cells that support the cells that send information?

• Neurons

• Axons

• Dendrites

• Glia

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Glia. Glial cells support and protect neurons, which are the cells responsible for sending information in the nervous system. They play crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis and providing support.

What two glial cells form myelin?

• astrocytes and ependymal cells

• microglia and satellite cells

• oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells

Answer explanation

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells are the two types of glial cells responsible for forming myelin. Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons in the central nervous system, while Schwann cells do so in the peripheral nervous system.

What type of neuron is pictured?

• multipolar

• bipolar

• unipolar

Answer explanation

The neuron depicted is bipolar, characterized by two distinct processes extending from the cell body. This type is commonly found in sensory pathways, such as in the retina, distinguishing it from multipolar and unipolar neurons.

Number 4 is a

• Pseudounipolar Neuron

• Bipolar Neuron

• Multipolar neuron

Answer explanation

Number 4 is a Pseudounipolar Neuron because these neurons have a single process that splits into two branches, functioning like both an axon and a dendrite, commonly found in sensory pathways.

Which glial cells are responsible for destroying foreign invaders?

• satellite cell

• microglia

• ependymal cell

• astrocyte

Answer explanation

Microglia are the immune cells of the central nervous system, responsible for detecting and destroying foreign invaders like pathogens and debris, making them crucial for brain health.