Statistics Experiment Vocabulary

__________ consists of information coming from observations, measurements, counts, or responses.

__________ is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data in order to make decisions.

A __________ is a subset of a population.

A __________ is a numerical characteristic of a sample characteristic.

A __________ sample is used when the population falls into naturally occurring subgroups, each having similar characteristics. To select this type of sample, the population is divided into groups called clusters. Then, all the members of one or more (but not all) of the clusters are selected.

A __________ sample is a sample in which each member of the population is assigned a number. The members of the population are ordered in some way, a starting number is randomly selected, and then sample members are selected at regular intervals from the starting number. (For instance, every 3^rd , 5^th , or 100^th member is selected.)

In an experiment, the outcome to be measured.

• response variable

• lurking variable

• subjects

• treatments

A ​ (a)   should include

the following:

a. ​ (b)   of at least two treatment

groups, one of which could be a

control group.

b. ​ (c)   assignment/allocation of

treatments to experimental units.

c. ​ (d)   (more than one experimental

unit in each treatment group).

d. ​ (e)   of potential confounding variables

where appropriate

• well-designed experiment

• Comparisons

• Random

• Replication

• Control

Match the following

• Independent Variable

• Independent Variable symbol

• Confounding Variable

• A variable whose values are used to explain or

  predict corresponding values for the response variable.

• y

• A variable that is related to the explanatory

  variable and influences the response

  variable and may create a false perception of

  association between the two.

• x

• Dependent Variable symbol

• Dependent Variable

• A variable whose values are explained or predicted by the explanatory variable

What do we call the tendency of a sample statistic to over- or under-estimate the value of a population parameter?