What kind of device commonly requires an IP address to operate correctly when connected to a network?

• Networked printer

• Wired keyboard

• USB flash drive

• Bluetooth speaker

Answer explanation

Explanation:

A networked printer needs an IP address to communicate with other devices on the network. This allows multiple users to send print jobs over the network.

Real-World Example:

In an office, employees print documents from their computers to a Wi-Fi-connected printer, which has an IP address assigned by the router.

What is a one-tier application architecture?

• An application that uses a web server to provide services to multiple clients.

• An application that separates its user interface and data storage onto different servers.

• An application where client, server, and database all run on the same machine or platform.

• An application where the processing is done on the client side and the data is stored on a server.

Answer explanation

Explanation:

A one-tier application (monolithic application) runs entirely on a single system, meaning the user interface, business logic, and database are on the same device.

Real-World Example:

A standalone accounting application installed on a personal computer where the data is stored locally without requiring a separate database server.

Your team is working on a program that's supposed to run with high performance on a user's computer. You need to choose a programming language that, after writing the code, will be translated into machine code before it's executed on the computer. Which type of language will you choose?

• A compiled programming language

• An interpreted scripting language

• A query language for databases

• A markup language for document formatting

Answer explanation

Explanation:

Compiled languages (e.g., C, C++) are converted into machine code before execution, resulting in faster performance.

Real-World Example:

A video game engine written in C++ is compiled into an executable (.exe) file, making it run efficiently on a user’s PC.

When developing a web application that requires interaction with a relational database, which method is the BEST for manipulating and retrieving database information while adhering to good security practices?

• Build SQL queries by directly concatenating user inputs to construct dynamic queries.

• Create and exclusively use stored procedures for all interactions from the web application.

• Utilize a database API with prepared statements and parameterized queries.

• Employ command-line tools to execute database statements from within the application code.

Answer explanation

Explanation:

Using prepared statements prevents SQL injection attacks, making it the most secure way to interact with a database.

Real-World Example:

A banking app uses prepared statements to process transactions securely, ensuring hackers can't inject malicious SQL code.

Why should you be cautious when sharing files over the Internet?

Answer explanation

✅ Explanation:

• Files may contain sensitive information that can be stolen.

• Cybercriminals can modify files, injecting malware or viruses.

• Unauthorized users may gain access if not properly secured.

Real-World Example:

Before emailing financial documents, encrypt the file and use password protection to prevent unauthorized access.

Which action is most effective in confirming that a recently patched critical application has maintained full functionality?

• Run a vulnerability scan on the application to ensure the patches were applied.

• Conduct an end-to-end test of the application's key workflows.

• Wait for users to report any issues they experience while using the application.

• Observe whether the application launches without errors.

Answer explanation

Explanation:

After applying a patch, testing key functions ensures everything still operates correctly.

Real-World Example:

A banking app gets a security patch. Developers test if users can log in, transfer money, and check balances without issues.

Which of the following is the BEST option for dissipating heat to keep a high-performance gaming computer's CPU operating efficiently?

• Mounting extra air coolers on the case.

• Installing a larger heat sink.

• Applying a high-quality thermal paste.

• Using an advanced liquid cooling system.

Answer explanation

Explanation:

Liquid cooling systems efficiently dissipate heat for high-performance gaming PCs and workstations.

Real-World Example:

A gaming PC running AAA titles uses a liquid cooler to prevent thermal throttling.

An IT professional is setting up a new server that will run an open-source operating system. The server needs a robust file system capable of handling large files and large volumes of small files while providing journaling capabilities to maintain data integrity. Which file system should the IT professional consider using?

• NTFS

• Ext4

• Ext3

• FAT32

Answer explanation

Explanation:

Ext4 is a robust Linux file system that supports journaling, large file handling, and high-speed performance.

Real-World Example:

A web server running Ubuntu uses Ext4 for reliable data storage.

Constants in programming use identifiers that allow their values to be changed during program execution.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Explanation:

A constant is a fixed value that cannot be changed during program execution.

Real-World Example:

A program stores the value of Pi (3.14159) as a constant because it never changes.

What method should they use to understand the relationship between the products customers frequently buy together?

• Conduct a survey to ask customers what they might buy together.

• Implement random sampling of customer data to make generalizations.

• Focus on individual product sales without considering relationships.

• Use correlation analysis to identify common purchase patterns.

Answer explanation

Explanation:

Businesses use correlation analysis to determine which products are frequently bought together.

Real-World Example:

A grocery store finds that bread and peanut butter are commonly purchased together and places them near each other to increase sales.