Respiratory System Recap Test

What is the typical breathing frequency at rest for an average adult?

• 6-8 breaths per minute

• 12-15 breaths per minute

• 16-20 breaths per minute

• 20-25 breaths per minute

What is the normal resting tidal volume?

• 250 ml

• 500 ml

• 750 ml

• 1,000 ml

How is minute ventilation calculated?

• Stroke volume × tidal volume

• Cardiac output × heart rate

• Breathing frequency × tidal volume

• Tidal volume ÷ breathing frequency

Which muscles are primarily responsible for inspiration at rest?

• Sternocleidomastoid and pectoralis minor

• Diaphragm and external intercostals

• Internal intercostals and rectus abdominis

• Rectus abdominis and external obliques

During resting inspiration, what happens to the diaphragm?

• It relaxes and moves upward

• It contracts and moves downward

• It relaxes and moves downward

• It contracts and moves upward

Which process occurs at the alveoli during gas exchange at rest?

• Carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli from the blood

• Oxygen diffuses into the alveoli from the blood

• Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood

• Carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood from the alveoli

Why does oxygen dissociate from haemoglobin at the muscles during rest?

• Increased partial pressure of oxygen in the muscles

• Increased acidity and temperature in the muscles

• Lower partial pressure of oxygen at the muscles

• Higher pH at the muscles

What term describes the volume of air left in the lungs after a normal exhalation?

• Tidal volume

• Residual volume

• Expiratory reserve volume

• Inspiratory reserve volume

What happens to breathing frequency as exercise intensity increases?

• It decreases

• It increases

• It stays the same

• It initially decreases, then increases

How does tidal volume respond to moderate exercise?

• It decreases

• It increases

• It stays constant

• It decreases then increases