Earth, Sun, and Moon Test 2024

1. Which season is represented in the images and provide evidence for your explanation

• Image D represents winter months because there are direct rays of sunlight.
• Image A represents summer months because there are direct rays of sunlight.
• Image D represents winter months because the Earth is tilted towards the sun.
• Image A represents summer months because the Earth is tilted away from the sun.

2. A student wrote the argument to explain why we experience different seasons on Earth: We experience seasons on Earth because the Earth is tilted on its axis. The Hemisphere experiencing summer is tilted toward the sun and receives more direct sunlight. The Hemisphere experiencing winter is tilted away from the sun and receives more indirect sunlight. What else should the student include in their explanation to make it even more accurate?

• The Earth is rotating around the Sun.
• The student does not need to add anything to the explanation.

• The Earth is revolving around the Sun.

• The Sun revolves around the Earth

3. Use the scenario to answer the following question. A student creates a model of the Earth and Sun to show how night and day change throughout the year. The student takes a globe and a large yellow ball. The student picks up the globe and walks around the large yellow ball while spinning to show night and day. What else should the student include in their model demonstration to make their model even more accurate?

• The student needs to also show how the Earth tilts to explain that night is when the Earth is tilted away from the Sun and day is when the Earth is tilted towards the Sun.
• The student needs to also show how the Earth tilts to explain different lengths of sunlight and darkness the Earth will receive.
• The student will spin fast one day and slow the next day to show how different days have different lengths of sunshine.
• The student will spin faster at the east side of the Sun to show more sunlight when the Earth spins faster.

4. Use the information and model to answer the following question. The model shows the Earth in one of its positions as it moves around the Sun.

Which Hemisphere is experiencing shorter days in this model?

• The Southern Hemisphere
• The Northern Hemisphere

5. Fill in the blank with the correct word. The __________________ of the Earth causes day and night.

• Revolution
• Rotation

6. Noah made the following model to explain why Georgia receives a shorter amount of daylight in the winter compared to the summer. Which of the following do you agree with about Noah’s model?

• Noah’s model shows the proper tilt of the earth for winter in Georgia and gives the correct reason for shorter days in winter
• Noah’s model shows the proper tilt of the earth for winter in Georgia but gives an incorrect reason for shorter days in winter
• Noah’s model shows the wrong tilt of the earth for winter in Georgia but gives a correct reason for shorter days in winter
• Noah’s model shows the wrong tilt of the earth for winter in Georgia and gives an incorrect reason for shorter days in winter

7. What phase of the moon is seen in this picture?

• Waxing Crescent
• Full Moon
• Waning Gibbous
• Waxing Gibbous

8. The diagram shows the model of moon phases that Demario created for his science project. Demario made a mistake in his diagram and switched two of the phases.

• Waxing Gibbous and Waning Crescent
• First Quarter and Last Quarter
• Full Moon and New Moon
• Waxing Crescent and Waxing Gibbous

9. What does waxing mean in regards to the moon’s appearance?

• Waxing means appearing to grow. The white portion of the moon is becoming more visible.
• Waxing means appearing to get smaller. The white portion of the moon is decreasing in size.

10. Look at Asia's model. What does she need to change about her model to make it more accurate?

• She needs to switch the Waxing and Waning Crescents.
• She needs to switch the First and Last Quester
• The model is accurate.
• She needs to switch New Moon and Full Moon.