Geoscience Processes Geoscience processes are natural actions that change the Earth's surface over time. These include things like erosion, weathering, earthquakes, and volcanoes. For example, rivers can slowly wear away rocks and soil, carving deep valleys or canyons. Wind can carry sand and shape deserts, while glaciers can move across land, leaving behind deep grooves and valleys. Some geoscience processes happen slowly, over millions of years, like mountains forming or rocks breaking down into soil. Others, like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, happen quickly and can cause big changes in just a few minutes or days. These processes show how the Earth is always changing, even if it happens so slowly that we don’t notice it every day. Refer to “Geoscience Processes.” How do glaciers change Earth’s surface over long periods?

By scraping and carving valleys as they move.

By depositing large amounts of volcanic ash.

By rapidly melting and flooding valleys.

By building mountains as they flow.

Geoscience Processes Geoscience processes are natural actions that change the Earth's surface over time. These include things like erosion, weathering, earthquakes, and volcanoes. For example, rivers can slowly wear away rocks and soil, carving deep valleys or canyons. Wind can carry sand and shape deserts, while glaciers can move across land, leaving behind deep grooves and valleys. Some geoscience processes happen slowly, over millions of years, like mountains forming or rocks breaking down into soil. Others, like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, happen quickly and can cause big changes in just a few minutes or days. These processes show how the Earth is always changing, even if it happens so slowly that we don’t notice it every day. Refer to “Geoscience Processes.” Which two pieces of evidence best support how geoscience processes have changed Earth’s surface over time?

Layers of sedimentary rock showing fossils of marine life on mountain tops.

U-shaped valleys found in regions previously covered by glaciers.

Recent damage to buildings caused by an earthquake.

The rapid formation of a volcanic island after an eruption.

The consistent shape and size of continents over millions of years.

Geoscience Processes Geoscience processes are natural actions that change the Earth's surface over time. These include things like erosion, weathering, earthquakes, and volcanoes. For example, rivers can slowly wear away rocks and soil, carving deep valleys or canyons. Wind can carry sand and shape deserts, while glaciers can move across land, leaving behind deep grooves and valleys. Some geoscience processes happen slowly, over millions of years, like mountains forming or rocks breaking down into soil. Others, like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, happen quickly and can cause big changes in just a few minutes or days. These processes show how the Earth is always changing, even if it happens so slowly that we don’t notice it every day. Refer to “Geoscience Processes.” A student observes a deep canyon with a river flowing at the bottom and sediment layers visible along the canyon walls. Select the two best statements to include in your explanation:

The river gradually eroded the rock over millions of years, carving the canyon.

The layers of sediment suggests that deposition took place over a long period of time before the canyon formed.

The canyon formed quickly due to a large earthquake.

Sediments from the river were deposited on the canyon walls, building it over time.

The canyon walls were formed by the river pushing the rock upward over a long period of time.

Predicting Natural Disasters The best way to predict or tell when natural disasters will occur is to study ones that have already happened. This gives scientists important information about the events that lead up to disasters. It also helps the scientists understand the forces of nature that cause the disasters. Scientists have developed a good understanding of the factors that lead to hurricanes, tornadoes, and flooding. Predicting events such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, however, is much more difficult. Volcanoes may give warning signs, such as leaking gases or spouting lava, before erupting, but sometimes they erupt with no warning at all. Earthquakes are also difficult to predict. However, scientists are aware of the regions in the world where earthquakes are most likely to occur. In these places they use equipment to monitor any changes that might suggest an earthquake is about to happen. Refer to “Predicting Natural Disasters”. Which of the following best describes the relationship between earthquake and volcano locations?

They are more concentrated along tectonic plate boundaries

They are more concentrated in areas with mountains

They occur randomly all over the Earth’s surface

They occur more frequently in the Southern Hemisphere

According to the visual, Ring of Fire , what pattern is most noticeable in the distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes in the Pacific Ring of Fire?

They form a circular pattern around the Pacific Ocean

They are evenly spaced throughout all continents

The are concentrated near Earth’s equator

They are randomly distributed across the ocean floor

Stalagmites are structures found on the floors of caves and are made of mineral deposits. Stalagmites provide evidence for how moving water can change Earth materials because stalagmites:

form where water containing dissolved minerals constantly drips.

Grow upward, while stalactites grow downward from the ceiling.

Are sometimes found in or near pools of water underground.

May be small and delicate or very tall and massive

Which observations about the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains would support the claim that exposure to weathering and erosion over time can change landforms?

The shorter and more rounded Appalachian Mountains are more than four times older than the taller and more jagged Rocky Mountains.

The Appalachian Mountains are found in the eastern United States and the Rocky Mountains are found near the West Coast

The length of the Appalachian chain is approximately 2,400 kilometers, and the Rocky Mountain chain is about twice as long

The Appalachian Mountains are composed mostly of sedimentary rocks while the Rocky Mountains also contain other rock types.

Review for Unit 9 Assessmment

Authored by Mrs. Johnson

Science

6th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 3+ times

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18 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

The outer area of the Earth that makes up the physical features

weathering

surface features

erosion

deposition

underground formations

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

The relocation of sediment by wind, water, or ice

weathering

surface features

erosion

deposition

underground formations

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

DROPDOWN QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

Areas of Earth that form caverns (a)

underground formations

weathering

erosion

surface features

deposition

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

DROPDOWN QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

Areas of Earth that form caverns (a)

deposition

weathering

erosion

surface features

underground formations

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

DROPDOWN QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

When (a) begin to melt, they erode land by picking up and carrying loose rocks and (b) them as they move.

glaciers

depositing

erosion

weathering

groundwater

caverns

landforms

sediment

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

DROPDOWN QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

The influence of water, wind, and ice varies the
(a) process.

erosion

caverns

weathering

depositing

groundwater

landforms

glaciers

sediments

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

DROPDOWN QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

The bigger these agents are, the bigger the pieces of (a) they move.

sediments

erosion

caverns

depositing

landforms

groundwater

glaciers

weathering

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Review for Unit 9 Assessmment

The outer area of the Earth that makes up the physical features

The relocation of sediment by wind, water, or ice

Areas of Earth that form caverns (a)

Areas of Earth that form caverns (a)

When (a) begin to melt, they erode land by picking up and carrying loose rocks and (b) them as they move.

The influence of water, wind, and ice varies the
(a) process.

The bigger these agents are, the bigger the pieces of (a) they move.

(a) are formed through long periods of chemical weathering and erosion by water. Although it’s a very slow process, over time, large passageways are formed.

Explain the difference between weathering and erosion.

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Similar Resources on Wayground

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Review for Unit 9 Assessmment

The outer area of the Earth that makes up the physical features

The relocation of sediment by wind, water, or ice

Areas of Earth that form caverns​ (a)

Areas of Earth that form caverns​ (a)

When (a) begin to melt, they erode land by picking up and carrying loose rocks and (b) them as they move.

The influence of water, wind, and ice varies the ​ ​ (a) process.

The bigger these agents are, the bigger the pieces of ​ (a) they move.

​ (a) are formed through long periods of chemical weathering and erosion by water. Although it’s a very slow process, over time, large passageways are formed.

Explain the difference between weathering and erosion.

Access all questions and much more by creating a free account

Similar Resources on Wayground

Popular Resources on Wayground

Discover more resources for Science

Areas of Earth that form caverns (a)

Areas of Earth that form caverns (a)

The influence of water, wind, and ice varies the
(a) process.

The bigger these agents are, the bigger the pieces of (a) they move.

(a) are formed through long periods of chemical weathering and erosion by water. Although it’s a very slow process, over time, large passageways are formed.