Chapter 7 - Forensics - DNA Profiling Vocabulary

What is the term for a variant form of a gene found at a specific location on a chromosome that can result in different traits?

• Allele

• Chromosome

• Gene

• Trait

What structure in a cell carries genetic information and consists of DNA and proteins, typically organized in pairs?

• Nucleus

• Chromosome

• Ribosome

• Mitochondria

What is the unique pattern of DNA sequences that can be used for identification in forensic science and paternity testing?

• DNA Fingerprint

• Random DNA Sequence

• DNA Sequencer

• DNA Fragments

This is a laboratory technique used to separate DNA, RNA, or proteins based on size and charge by applying an electric current through a gel. What is this technique called?

• Chromatography

• Electrophoresis

• Centrifugation

• Spectroscopy

What is the name for the coding region of a gene that is transcribed into mRNA and translated into a protein?

• Intron

• Exon

• Promoter

• Terminator

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What is the term for a segment of DNA that contains instructions for making a protein or RNA molecule, influencing specific traits in an organism?

• Gene

• Chromosome

• Nucleotide

• Genome

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What is the name for the non-coding region of a gene that is transcribed into RNA but removed before translation?

• Exon

• Intron

• Codon

• Promoter

What is the term for the complete set of chromosomes in an individual, typically displayed in an organized image to detect chromosomal abnormalities?

• Genome

• Karyotype

• Genotype

• Phenotype

Which laboratory technique is used to amplify specific DNA sequences, creating millions of copies for analysis in forensic, medical, and genetic research?

• Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

• Gel Electrophoresis

• DNA Sequencing

• CRISPR-Cas9

What is the term for a variation in DNA sequence among individuals in a population that may or may not affect traits?

• Mutation

• Polymorphism

• Allele

• Genotype

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