Leap Science Geology

What is the geological time scale?

• a time line dividing  the Earth's history into units representing millions of years.
• A time line of the past  100 years of development.
• The period of time that describes when the dinosaurs lived.

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These have formed, reformed and moved over time.

• continental landmasses
• the oceans
• the governments of North America

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Which of these numbers is closest to the age of the Earth?

• 4,600 years
• 460,000 years
• 4.6 billion years 

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When there is a significant lack of fossil evidence in the Earth's rock beds from a specific time period after 544 million years ago, scientist believe that a ________ has taken place.

• mass extinction
• population explosion
• aquatic event

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This was developed in order to organize the major eras of Earth's history.

• geological time scale
• atmospheric time scale
• aquatic time scale

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Generally speaking, which rock layers are the oldest?

• the thinnest ones
• the ones closest to the surface 
• the ones furthest from the surface

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What event might mark the end of a period?

• the fact that 100 million years has passed since the end of the last period.
• a major geological change
• the appearance of a new species

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How does radiometric dating differ from the ages of the geological time scale?

• radiometric dating involves absolute dating involves absolute dates; the geological time scale is measured with relative dates
• radiometric dating can only be used on fossils; the geologiical time scale applies only to rocks
• radiometric dating involves unstable, radioactive isotopes; the geological time scale deals only with stable rocks and compounds

What does carbon-14 decay into?

• Nitrogen
• Lead
• Cobalt

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_______________ is the idea that older rock layers can be found below younger rock layers in undisturbed geologic columns.

• principal of original horizontality
• principal of superposition
• principal of cross-cutting relationships

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