Energy and Photosynthesis

Energy is not created or destroyed, only transformed. During each transformation, some of the energy is lost as heat. How can an organism cope with the constant loss of energy?

• Energy input must exceed energy output.

• Energy output must exceed energy input.

• More energy needs to be used up.

• More energy needs to be created.

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A researcher claims that the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) is essential to cellular function.

Which of the following statements best helps justify the researcher’s claim?

• Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is a substance that cells typically acquire from their environment.

• ATP synthase is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ADP and Pi to ATP

  .

• ATP hydrolysis is an energy-releasing reaction that is often coupled with reactions that require an input of energy.

• ADP is a small molecule that some cells release into their environment as a way of communicating with other cells.

Photosynthesis is an anabolic process. This means that it is a process where something is ________________ with the help of energy. Would the reactants or products have more energy?

• made, reactants

• broken down, products

• made, products

• broken down, reactants

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Which organelle does photosynthesis occur in?

• chloroplast

• thylakoids

• rough ER

• lysosome

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Sugar and oxygen are the ________________of photosynthesis, while carbon dioxide, water and light energy are the ___________________.

• end result, ingredients

• ingredients, end result

• reactants, products

• products, reactants

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A summary of the light - dependent reactions could be:

• A series of steps that use chemical energy to generate a transport of electrons in the thylakoids. This leads to electron carrier molecules such as NADPH and ATP being filled up with electrons to be used for powering the second part of photosynthesis (Calvin cycle).

• A series of steps that use light energy to generate a transport of electrons in the thylakoids. This leads to electron carrier molecules such as NADP+ and ADP being filled up with electrons to be used for powering the second part of photosynthesis (Krebs).

• A series of steps that use light energy to generate a transport of electrons in the thylakoids. This leads to electron carrier molecules such as NADP+ and ADP being filled up with electrons to be used for powering the second part of photosynthesis (Calvin cycle).

• A series of steps that use chemical energy energy to generate a transport of electrons in the thylakoids. This leads to electron carrier molecules such as NADP+ and ADP being filled up with electrons to be used for powering the second part of photosynthesis (Krebs cycle).

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Photons can be compared to tiny

• magnets

• bolts of energy/electricity

• protons

• neutrons

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ETC stands for

• electron transport chain

• energy transport chain

• electrical transport chain

• energy transform chain

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NADPH and ATP are the forms of the energy carrying molecules that are full of electrons that will be used to power the second part of photosynthesis, the ______________.

• Water cycle

• Krebs cycle

• Carbon cycle

• Calvin cycle

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In the Calvin cycle, the end result is

• water

• sugar

• oxygen

• carbon dioxide

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