Urbanization in Environmental Science

What is one of the primary factors that draws people from rural areas to urban areas?

• Less pollution
• More jobs
• More open space
• Heat islands

Sprawl increases carbon dioxide emissions by 

• generating more factories.
• increasing the need to drive.
• resulting in more tree growth.
• expanding the use of public transportation.

Which of the following is a principle of smart growth?

• protecting wildlife habitats
• focusing development outside of existing urban centers
• creating neighborhoods best suited for cars
• building up, not out

Trees, grass, crops, wetlands, water, buildings, and pavement are all examples of

• land use.
• land cover.
• urban areas.
• rural areas.

Per capita land consumption means the 

• amount of land a country uses as a whole.
• amount of land each person uses.
• type of land covered by state capitals.
• type of land people live on.

The primary type of land cover in the United States today is 

• forest land.
• cropland.
• urban land.
• parks and preserves.

Saving energy and other resources without sacrificing people’s comfort is the goal of 

• greenways.
• urban growth boundaries.
• green building design.
• zoning.

Which of the following factors contributed to sprawl in the United States?

• more affordable automobiles
• improved roads
• less expensive land
• all of the above

Transportation systems, communications systems, water services, power supplies, and schools are all examples of 

• infrastructure.
• rural areas.
• ecological footprints.
• land use.

A(n) ____________________ is an area in which the temperature is several degrees higher than that of the surrounding area.

• Heat Island
• Rural Area
• Urban Area
• Infrastructure