Introduction to Atmosphere and Climate Change

Weather is a region’s

• long-term, prevailing atmospheric conditions.
• number of seasonal daylight hours.
• atmospheric conditions on a given day.
• lack of ocean currents.

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As cold air sinks,

• it expands and cools further.
• it compresses and warms.
• it remains at the same pressure and temperature.
• it always releases water vapor.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Elevation is a factor in climate because under most conditions,

• temperature falls as elevation increases.
• temperature rises as elevation increases.
• temperature is not affected by elevation.
• snowfall is unlikely at high elevation.

The ozone layer protects living organisms on Earth by

• enhancing solar energy.
• blocking solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
• blocking solar infrared (IR) radiation.
• preventing escape of water vapor.

Which of the following does not reduce CO2 in the atmosphere?

• animal respiration
• tropical rain forests
• oceans
• phytoplankton

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A continuous record of annual average atmospheric CO2 concentrations from Mauna Loa, Hawaii, reveals

• a steady increase since 1988.
• no change since 1958.
• a steady decrease since 1958.
• a steady increase since 1958.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-5

Which of the following would not be a consequence of an increase in global temperature

• increased frequency of major droughts
• increased frequency of major storms
• increased polar ice mass
• rising sea level

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-5

Which of the following best describes the effect of a mountain range on the climate of a region?

• The coastal side of the range usually has high levels of rain.
• A desert is often found on the inland side of the range.
• Average temperatures are lower at high elevations than they are at the base of the mountains.
• all of the above

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

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Latitude strongly influences climate because _____ solar energy falls on areas that are closer to the equator than to the poles.

• less
• the same amount of
• more
• sometimes less

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An important property of air circulation is

• warm air is denser than cold air.
• cold air and warm air have the same density.
• cold air is denser than warm air.
• air has no mass.