AP Psych History and Approaches to Psychology

Which professional specialty focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of people with psychological disorders?

• Personality psychology
• Clinical psychology
• Biological psychology
  
• Developmental psychology

Instead of studying his spelling words like everyone else, Scott copies from other people when the teacher gives a test. B.F. Skinner would likely attribute Scott’s cheating to:

• A genetic tendency to maximize his opportunities for Promoting himself above others.
• His underdeveloped frontal lobe, which is used in Complex decision making and judgment.
• The fact that he was rewarded for cheating on a test in the past.
• Inner conflicts that are buried deep in his unconscious.

Who, in opposition to Freud, was considered the father of behaviorism?

• Skinner
• Watson
• Thorndike
• Bandura

Psychology's scientific origins are usually traced to the late 19th century when ___________ opened the first psychological laboratory.

• Wilhelm Wundt
• William James
• Sigmund Freud
• John B. Watson

Which of psychology's perspectives says that we should not study mental processes such as cognition or emotion?

• Trait
• Cognitive
• Behavioral
• Biological

The cognitive view of psychology 

• Has a special interest in how the operation of your brain influences personality
• Has a special interest in mental health and disorders
• Subscribes to the idea that thoughts and actions arise from the way we interpret experiences

Behavior is primarily shaped by learning. The statement applies to the

• Cognitive view
• Trait view
• Behavioral view
• Developmental view

Roger is a freshman in college and is having trouble adjusting to the changes in his life.
What type of psychologist should he be referred to? 

• Psychiatrist
• Developmental
• Clinical
• Counseling

How do cognitive approaches to learning differ from traditional behaviorist explanations? 

• Cognitive psychologists focus on the changes in neural networks that result from learning. 
• Cognitive psychologists believe that learning involves some sort of thinking. 
• Cognitive psychologists try to explain learning from an evolutionary perspective. 
• Cognitive psychologists believe that researchers should only focus on observable behaviors.

Functionalism was a school of psychology that focused attention on the 

• struggles with unconscious drives and conflicts.
• treatment of psychological disorders. 
• adaptive value of conscious thoughts and emotions.
• adaptive value of conscious thoughts and emotions.