Understanding Protein Synthesis Basics

What is the basic structural unit of DNA?

• Amino acid

• Nucleotide

• Ribosome

• Codon

Which of the following bases is not found in DNA?

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Uracil

• Cytosine

Which of the following is the start codon in mRNA?

• UAA

• AUG

• UGA

• UAG

What is the primary function of ribosomes in the cell?

• To replicate DNA

• To synthesize proteins

• To transport lipids

• To degrade waste materials

In the translation process, what molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• DNA

Which part of the cell does transcription occur in eukaryotes?

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

• Mitochondria

What is the complementary base pair for adenine in DNA?

• Cytosine

• Guanine

• Thymine

• Uracil

Which of the following processes directly follows transcription in the central dogma of molecular biology?

• Replication

• Translation

• Transcription

• Splicing

Label the diagram

d

c

b

a

Chromosome

DNA

Cell

Nitrogenous Bases

DNA is found in ALL cells.

• True
• False