Periodic Table Groups, Periods, Trends

What happens to the atomic numbers as you move from left to right on the periodic table?

• Increase

• Decrease

• Stay the same

• Nothing

The Periodic Table of the Elements is useful for revealing patterns and trends in the elements. Which statement accurately describes a pattern in the size of atomic radii in the Periodic Table of the Elements?

• Atomic radii decrease from left to right across a period and decrease from top to bottom in a group.
• Atomic radii increase from left to right across a period and increase from top to bottom in a group.
• Atomic radii decrease from left to right across a period and increase from top to bottom in a group.
• Atomic radii increase from left to right across a period and decrease from top to bottom in a group.

Sodium (Na) and potassium (K) are in the same group on the periodic table. Based on their locations, which statement about sodium and potassium is true?

• Sodium is less electronegative than potassium. 
• Sodium has fewer energy levels than potassium. 
• Sodium has a larger ionic radius than potassium. 
• Sodium has lower ionization energy than potassium. 

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

The symbols W, X, Y, and Z represent four elements shown on the outline of a periodic table.
Which element has the highest electronegativity?

• W
• X
• Y
• Z

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Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine all have the same number of valence electrons and have a tendency to gain electrons. Which element has the greatest ionization energy and electronegativity?

• fluorine
• chlorine 
• bromine 
• iodine 

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The ionization potential of an element is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule. According to the periodic table, which of the following indicates the correct decreasing order of ionization energy?

• Li > Na > K > Cs
• Na > K > Li > Cs
• Li > K > Na > Cs 
• Cs > K > Na > Li 

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

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What is the family name of this group of elements? 

• Alkali metals 
• Halogens 
• Noble Gases 
• Alkali Earth Metals 

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As you move down the periodic table atoms get bigger.  This is because ____________.

• The atoms have more mass.
• The atoms have more protons.
• The atoms have more energy levels
• The atoms have more neutrons

Electronegativity is...

• the ability of an atom to attract/ accept electrons
• the ability of an atom to lose electrons
• the energy required to remove an electron from a specific atom
• how easy it is to make friends. 

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

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Ionization energy is...

• the energy required to add an electron to a specific atom
• how much energy it takes to remove an electron from an atom
• the energy required to shield the outer electrons from the nucleus
• a measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons

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