Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Which process do plants use to turn sunlight into food energy?

• photosynthesis

• cellular respiration

• transpiration

• evaporation

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Which kind of organism is an autotroph?

• consumer

• producer

• decomposer

• herbivore

Which organisms are heterotrophs?

• photosynthesizers

• producers

• consumers

• plants

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

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Which organism is an example of a producer?

• moth

• mushroom

• rose bush

• cheetah

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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Why are mushrooms important to the food chain?

• They recycle nutrients into the ecosystem.

• They produce food energy for other living things.

• They recycle oxygen into the atmosphere.

• They consume excess herbivores in the ecosystem.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Maggots feed on dead and decaying organisms for energy. What are maggots?

• autotrophs

• producers

• decomposers

• heterotrophs

In the food chain below, which is the producer?

grass --> mouse --> snake --> hawk

• grass

• mouse

• snake

• hawk

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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Which is the primary consumer in this food chain?

• rabbit

• grass

• snake

• hawk

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

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Yellowfin tuna, or Thunnus albacores, are large sport fish that are found in tropical and subtropical waters around the world. They typically school under objects such as boats or patches of driftwood for protection from predators. Schooling under these structures also provides yellowfin tuna with easy access to a food source such as smaller herbivorous fish that may be foraging for food around the structures. Which trophic level does yellowfin tuna fill in a food chain?

• producer

• primary consumer

• secondary consumer

• tertiary consumer

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Food chains show energy transfer between organisms. The size of a food chain can vary, yet there is a limit to the number of levels that a food chain can reach. Why is there a limit to the number of levels that a food chain can reach?

• Plants are not infinitely in the world

• Producers can only eat what is available

• Carnivores are too big to be eaten

• Energy is lost when you move up a trophic level

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3