Biomolecules NEW 1.1 & 1.2

Salivary amylase is an enzyme found in saliva. Adrian discovers that when eating a burger, if he leaves a bite in his mouth, the bread begins to break down and taste sweet, but the meat of the burger does not. What is the substrate salivary amylase must work on?

• Lipid

• Amino Acid

• Starch

• Hydrocarbon

Fats are specialized lipid molecules, and enzymes are specialized protein molecules. How do the functions of fats and enzymes differ?

• Fats are structural building materials, while enzymes are transportation molecules.

• Fats provide support for cells, while enzymes lower the pH of gastric fluids.

• Fats regulate body functions, while enzymes denature invasive bacteria.

• Fats are storage molecules, while enzymes are catalytic molecules.

Why are nucleic acids necessary for survival?

• Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.

• Nucleic acids provide structures for cells.

• Nucleic acids make enzymes to break down food.

• Nucleic acids store fat for long-term energy.

Which macromolecule provides structural support and helps communicate chemical signals within a cell?

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Nucleic acids

Many people are lactose intolerant and cannot digest dairy products. What enzyme are their bodies most likely lacking?

• lipase

• lactase

• maltase

• peptidase

Why would a runner consume carbohydrates before a race?

• Carbohydrates provide insulation for heat.

• Carbohydrates provide structure for tissues.

• Carbohydrates provide genetic material for muscle cells.

• Carbohydrates provide energy for the body.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Choose an answer that is TRUE for each blank..

Amino acids combine to create (1)_______.

Monosaccharide (glucose) combine to create (2) _______.

Nucleotides combine to a make (3) ________.

Glycerol and Fatty Acids create (4) ________.

• proteins (polypeptides)

  starch & glycogen

  nucleic acid

  lipids

• Lipids

  nucleic acids

  proteins (polypeptides)

  starch & glycogen

• nucleic acids

  proteins (polypeptides)

  lipids

  starch & glycogen

• starch and glycogen

  nucleic acids

  lipids

  proteins (polypeptides)

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

How does the addition of heat affect the ability of an enzyme to help the sugar molecules form a bond?

• Heat allows the sugar molecules to bond more quickly.

• Heat provides places on the enzyme for other molecules to bond.

• Heat changes the enzyme’s shape so the sugar molecules can no longer bond.

• Heat changes the chemical composition of the sugar molecules so they no longer need the enzyme.

How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions in organisms?

• Enzymes increase the energy required for a reaction to begin.

• Enzymes decrease the energy required for a reaction to begin.

• Enzymes have no effect on the energy required for a reaction to begin.

• Enzymes maintain the energy needed for a reaction to begin.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Which molecule do whales use for energy storage and insulation?

• DNA

• Glucose

• Fat

• Starch