Soil Formation and Classification Quiz

Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting soil formation?

• Parent material

• Climate

• Photosynthesis

• Organisms

What type of rock is formed when sediment is deposited on sea or lake beds and compacts over time?

• Volcanic rock

• Igneous rock

• Sedimentary rock

• Metamorphic rock

Which mineral is associated with the formation of acidic soils?

• Mica

• Quartz

• Granite

• Feldspar

What is the process called when water reacts chemically with rock, changing its chemical composition?

• Abrasion

• Hydration

• Erosion

• Oxidation

Which horizon in a soil profile is known as the 'topsoil'?

• Horizon C

• Horizon B

• Horizon A

• Horizon O

What is the main characteristic of a podzol soil?

• Good drainage

• Rich in organic matter

• Acid leaching

• High clay content

Which type of weathering involves the breakdown of rock due to the expansion and contraction from heating and cooling?

• Biological weathering

• Mechanical weathering

• Chemical weathering

• Erosion

How do organisms like earthworms affect soil?

• They cause chemical weathering

• They contribute to the breakdown of organic matter into humus

• They increase soil erosion

• They prevent soil formation

Which soil classification is characterized by high waterlogging and poor drainage?

• Rendzina

• Gleys

• Brown Earth

• Podzol

What is the primary reason for the formation of peat in bogs?

• High levels of clay

• Presence of iron pan

• Excessive leaching

• High levels of organic material and waterlogged conditions