Biology Chapter 15 Miller Levine

A group of students conducted a science fair experiment to find out how amount or fertilizer used will affect the growth of radish plants. The experiment was done using amounts of fertilizer that were less than and greater manufacturer's recommendation.

Use the table to analyze the data of the growth of the radish plants measured after 10 days. Which inference is supported by the data

• Giving radish plants too little or too much fertilizer will not effect plant growth

• Giving radish plants too little or too much fertilizer will slow down plant growth

• Giving radish plants more fertilizer will increase plant growth

• Giving radish plants less fertilizer will increase plant growth

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Megan is talking with her bother about a scientific throw that she is studying. "I don't believe what the scientist say, because that's just a theory," her brother replies."If those scientist were certain, then it would be a law, not just a theory"

• Her brother has a misconception that theories become laws and is confusing the scientific use of theory with he everyday use of the word.

• Her brother is confusing the meanings of scientific law and scientific theory

• Her brother has a misconception about the types of questions that science can answer and which are addressed by other ways of knowing

• Her brother is confusing the meanings of the terms theory and hypothesis

Phrenology was the study of bumps on the human head and the use of those bumps to determine a person character traits, such as wit or combativeness. It was developed by a German doctor who noted features on people's skills and then looked at other people to find similar features

• not everyone has bumps on the head; therefor, the research sample would have been too small to be valid.

• The doctor did not publish a paper about his reserach

• the results are not verifiable and repeatable , so they can't predict the future behavior

• head bumps can result in external means, and so they would not reflect character

In 1989, two scientists claimed to have succeeded in causing a nuclear fusion reaction to take place at room temperature. Their report was met with tremendous excitement, because cold fusion, as it was called, could revolutionize power generation and make dangerous nuclear waste a thing of the past.

After they published their paper, other scientists attempted to re-create their experiment, which involved running an electric current through seawater and a metal called palladium. However, they could not replicate the results. After the published paper was examined closely, the scientists were found to have made experimental errors.

Which of the following statements best applies to this scenario?

• The scientific community evaluates the strength of scientific claims, and the claims are dismissed if they are found to be invalid.

• The theory of cold fusion would have become a scientific law if another team of researchers had managed to reproduce the experimental results.

• Science could not answer the question of cold fusion because it involves the influence of the supernatural.

• The scientists published their paper in a low-quality scientific journal because a better journal would not have printed it.

The disease polio once sickened thousands of children every year. The graph depicts the number of polio cases that occurred between 1952 and 1973, based on information from the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and the Centers for Disease Control. The data best supports which of these statements?

• Introducing a vaccine for polio had no effect on the number of cases of polio diagnosed each year.

• The polio vaccine was effective in protecting thousands of people from this disease.

• The vaccine proved ineffective because cases of polio rose between 1957 and 1959.

• The sources of the data are not reliable and, therefore, the data should be ignored.

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Maya is doing research for her biology report about the effects of vaccinations. She has found a large number of references online, but she is unsure as to which ones she should trust. Choose the source Maya should be most skeptical about regarding its credibility, accuracy, and possible bias.

• A website maintained by the federal government

• The crowd-sourced entry on vaccine effectiveness on a site sponsored by the general public

• A website maintained by an international organization that monitors disease outbreaks around the world

• An article written by a medical doctor on the website of a peer-reviewed medical journal

scientist share findings with other scientists by publishing their hypotheses, experimental methods, results, and analyses in peer-reviewed scientific journal.

what is the importance of this step in scientific investigations?

• It allows researchers to share ideas and certifies that the work meets standards of the scientific community.

• It allows researchers to share ideas and certifies that their work is correct.

• It is not recommended, as sharing ideas would give away the results to competitors.

• It is restricted to final proven experimental results by established scientists.

The diagram shows the structure of glucose, a molecule that organisms make and use.

What function in living things do polymers of glucose fulfill?

• They store and release energy.

• They form waterproof coverings.

• They transmit genetic information.

• They regulate cell processes.

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11. The diagram shows the structure of glucose, a molecule that organisms make and use.

Glucose and similar molecules can be joined together to form polymers called polysaccharides. There are several types of polysaccharides, and each performs different functions in living organisms. Which of the following is not a type and function of polysaccharides?

• wax, for structure

• cellulose, for structure

• glycogen, to store sugar for energy

• starch, to store sugar for energy

A common science experiment is to place a celery stalk into a glass of water and food coloring. After some time, the food coloring appears in the celery.

What chemical principle is modeled by this experiment?

• Water accounts for about 60 percent of the celery plant. The food coloring dissolves in the water in the celery and spreads throughout the plant.

• The food-coloring molecule carries a charge, and it is attracted to oppositely charged molecules in the plant.

• The food coloring dissolves in the water in the glass. The water rises through vessels in the celery stem by capillary action, carrying the dissolved food coloring along with it.

• The food coloring acts as a buffer, and the plant absorbs the food coloring in order to maintain a pH near 7.

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