Weather and Atmosphere Review

The photograph shows Algonquin Provincial Park in Ontario, Canada. This region is expecting rain in the next few days. A scientist wants to turn this photograph into a model to show how water from Earth’s surface can become precipitation.

Which modifications can be made to the photograph to model this process?

• Label the sun “Energy Source”; add a downward arrow from the clouds to the lake labeled “Solid to Gas”; add an upward arrow from the trees to the sky labeled “Heat.”

• Label the lake “Energy Source”; add an upward arrow from the lake to the sky labeled “Liquid to Solid”; add a downward arrow from the clouds to the lake labeled “Heat.”

• Label the Sun “Energy Source”; add an upward arrow from the lake to the sky labeled “Liquid to Gas”; add a downward arrow from the clouds to the lake labeled “Gravity.”

• Label the lake “Energy Source” add a downward arrow from the clouds to the lake labeled “Solid to Liquid”; add an upward arrow from the lake to the sky labeled “Gravity.”

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

In Providence, Rhode Island, the average high temperature between June 9 and June 11 is approximately 24 degrees Celsius. In the table below, Maria recorded the actual highest recorded temperatures for these days in Providence.

Which statement BEST describes the rates of evaporation and transpiration in Providence over this period?

• Both the evaporation and transpiration rates were lower than normal.

• Both the evaporation and transpiration rates were higher than normal.

• The evaporation rate was higher than normal, and the transpiration rate was lower than normal.

• The evaporation rate was lower than normal, and the transpiration rate was higher than normal.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

When Marcus went to bed in the evening, the grass and the plants outside did not have any visible water on them. When he woke up in the morning, he took this photograph. What changes occurred in the atmosphere to create the weather conditions shown in his photograph?

• Relative humidity reached 0 percent, and water inside the plants transpired.

• Relative humidity reached 100 percent, and water vapor in the air condensed.

• Relative humidity reached 100 percent, and liquid water in the air crystallized.

• Relative humidity reached 0 percent, and solid water on Earth’s surface melted.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

On a day in January, both Manassas, Virginia, and Bridgeport, Connecticut, were expecting precipitation. The table below shows the temperature readings in Celsius at different heights in the atmosphere for each location. What type of precipitation did each location likely receive?

• Both Bridgeport and Manassas will receive rain.

• Both Bridgeport and Manassas will receive snow.

• Bridgeport will receive snow, and Manassas will receive rain.

• Bridgeport will receive rain, and Manassas will receive snow.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Severe rainstorms are a concern for many areas of the United States. Some rain storms last for a day or less, but bring sudden, heavy rains. These storms can cause flash flooding and drainage problems. A group of scientists studied these short, severe storms over time and compared their results to trends in temperature data. The graph shows the percentage of U.S. regions affected by short, severe rainstorms. The temperatures have steadily increased.

Based on the data, which process explains the trends in one-day storms in the United States?

• increased solar energy reaching Earth’s surface -> increased evaporation -> increased condensation

• increased solar energy reaching Earth’s surface -> decreased evaporation -> increased condensation

• decreased solar energy reaching Earth’s surface -> increased evaporation -> decreased condensation

• decreased solar energy reaching Earth’s surface -> decreased evaporation -> decreased condensation

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

A team of meteorologists reports that a maritime polar air mass is heading toward the northwestern United States. They predict that this air mass will cause the Northwest to be cold and moist with a chance of rain and snow. How were the meteorologists able to make this prediction?

• They collected data about the size and shape of the ocean region where the air mass formed.

• They collected temperature and humidity data from the region of the ocean where the air mass formed.

• They collected data about the size and shape of the air mass after it passed through the northwestern region.

• They collected temperature and humidity data from the northwestern region after the air mass passed through the region.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Madison lives in Orlando, Florida. On Tuesday morning, the temperature was 22 degrees Celsius (72 degrees Fahrenheit) , and Madison wore jean pants, a short-sleeved shirt, and tennis shoes as she waited for the school bus. The diagram below shows an air mass that moved through Orlando early Wednesday morning. How will this affect what clothes Madison should wear in the morning to wait for the bus on Wednesday?

• She should wear snow boots and mittens because thick, heavy snow will be in the forecast.

• She should wear a jacket because the temperature will be much colder than it was on Tuesday morning.

• She should wear shorts because the temperature will be a little warmer than it was on Tuesday morning.

• She should wear similar clothes as Tuesday and pack an umbrella because there will be heavy rain later in the day.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

During the week of January 1, scientists tracked a weather pattern in Boston, Massachusetts. Their data is shown below. What is the likely cause of these trends?

• A low-pressure system moved into Boston, causing a snowstorm.

• A high-pressure system moved into Boston, causing fair, clear skies.

• A low-pressure system moved into Boston, causing a light rainstorm.

• A high-pressure system moved into Boston, causing dry, cloudy conditions.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Lorena recorded the following temperatures and wind speeds in Syracuse, New York, over a period of three consecutive days. What conclusion can she make about the region based on the trends in the data?

• Wind chill is increasing, causing temperatures to feel colder than they are.

• Wind chill is decreasing, causing temperatures to feel colder than they are.

• Wind chill is increasing, causing temperatures to feel warmer than they are.

• Wind chill is decreasing, causing temperatures to feel warmer than they are.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

South Haven, Michigan, is a city located on the coast of the Lake MIchigan. During the day, the temperatures in South Haven are quite different than the temperatures in nearby, inland cities. How does this model explain how South Haven’s daytime temperatures differ from nearby inland cities?

• South Haven is cooler because the water heats up more slowly than the land.

• South Haven is cooler because the land heats up more slowly than the water.

• South Haven is warmer because the land heats up more slowly than the water.

• South Haven is warmer because the water heats up more slowly than the land.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6