Chapter 18 Chemical Bonding

The formation of an ionic bond involves the

• transfer of electrons

• buy electrons

• sharing of electrons

When atoms gain, lose, or share electrons, an attraction forms between the atoms. This attraction is known as a

• molecule

• compound.

• chemical bond.

• chemical reaction

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Typically, atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve

• ionization

• vaporization.

• an exchange of energy.

• a stable electron configuration.

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An electron dot diagram is used to represent

• the nucleus.

• the nucleus and all electrons.

• the nucleus and valence electrons.

• the nucleus and all non-valence electrons.

Study the electron dot diagrams for lithium, carbon, fluorine, and neon (on the board). Choose the statement that correctly identifies the most stable of the elements.

• Lithium is the most stable element because it has to lose only one electron to achieve a stable configuration

• Carbon is the most stable element because it can form four bonds

• Fluorine is the most stable element because it has to gain only one electron to achieve a stable configuration.

• Neon is the most stable element because its highest occupied energy level is filled.

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Which of the following is an atom that has gained an electron?

• Anion

• Cation

• Polar molecule

• Nonpolar molecule

A bond formed from shared electrons:

• ionic bond

• covalent bond

• polar covalent bond

In a polar covalent bond

• a cation is bonded to an anion.

• electrons are transferred between atoms.

• electrons are not equally shared between atoms.

When two atoms of the same nonmetal react, they often form a(an)

• ionic bond.

• polyatomic ion.

• nonpolar molecule.

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A (n) ____________________ shows which elements are in a compound and their ratios.

• molecule

• chemical formula

• oxidation number

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