Science Chapter

What is the main reason why fewer nuclear power plants are being built today compared to 40 years ago?

• Nuclear fusion power plants are being built instead.

• federal laws were passed prohibiting the development of new nuclear power plants.

• Nuclear power plants have become too expensive to generate electricity at a reasonable cost.

• Supplies of U235 are exhausted.

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Which of the following accurately describes the use of fossil fuel energy?

• At the present rate, we will run out of fossil fuels in about 250 years.

• Burning fossil fuels releases large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

• Fossil fuels account for 69 percent of the electricity generated in the United States.

• All of the above.

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Electric generators work by

• converting oil into electricity.

• turning turbines into a dam.

• converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.

• rubbing copper against a substance that does not conduct electricity.

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Oil and natural gas result from

• the migration of complex carbohydrate molecules to nonporous rock formations.

• the decay of tiny marine organisms that accumulated on the ocean floor millions of years ago.

• the burning if high-sulfur, low-grade uranium.

• the decay of plants that lived in swamps hundreds of thousands of years ago.

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inside the combustion chamber of a coal-fired power plant

• steam is directed against turbine blades and causes the blades to turn.

• the turbine sets the generator in motion.

• electricity in generated.

• burning fossil fuels release energy in the form of heat.

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most of the energy consumed in the United States is used for

• residential electrical needs.

• commercial electrical needs.

• transportation.

• industrial purposes.

the energy needs for the United States in the 1900's have

• risen dramatically.

• fallen dramatically

• risen slightly

• fallen slightly

a nuclear reactor is

• powered by a combustion chamber in which uranium is burned

• surrounded by a thick pressure vessel that is filled with a cooling fluid.

• superheated by water until the control rods are set into motion

• constructed from thick aluminum walls that can control the nuclear reactions.

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new nuclei and neutrons result from

• nuclear fusion.

• the release of electrons from a positively charged atom.

• the splitting of an atom's nucleus.

• the splitting of an atom's neutron.

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nuclear fusion

• must take place at extremely high temperatures.

• does not release a great amount of energy.

• must take place in a low-density containers.

• results in nuclei that are lighter in weight than the nuclei that existed before the reaction.

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