Quiz about AP Environmental Science Modules

Question 1

Which of the following major storage reservoirs of carbon, stored in the form of carbon dioxide, is not represented in this diagram?

Accepted Answer

The Ocean

Answer

Algae

Answer

Soil Bacteria

Answer

The Moon

Question 2

Based on the diagram above, which of the following processes reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular Respiration

Answer

Decomposition

Answer

Burning of Fossil Fuels

Question 3

Based on the diagram above, which process most directly results in the storage of carbon as coal and oil over millions of years?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular Respiration

Answer

Burning of Fossil Fuels

Question 4

Five different species of warblers, seed-eating birds, live in the same species of conifer trees. All of the birds migrate to coniferous forests during the summer, and different species reside in different areas in the same tree. They feed on the seeds of the conifer trees, but the different species do not mate with each other.

Which of the following best explains why the different warbler species can all have habitats in the same conifer trees?

Which of the following best explains why the different warbler species can all have habitats in the same conifer trees?

Accepted Answer

Resource partitioning of the seeds reduces competition, and the five different species can live in the same tree.

Answer

Not all the warblers are residents in the forest at the same time of the year because of different migration patterns.

Answer

Physiological differences in beak structure allow the warblers to consume different species of seeds through symbiotic relationships.

Answer

Niche overlap occurs between the five different species, and living in the same tree increases competition for seeds.

Question 5

In a fish species, the number of eggs that hatch and survive for one year varies depending on the number of eggs that were produced. As the number of eggs produced increases past a threshold number, the survival rate of the offspring decreases. Which of the following statements best explains why only a limited number of offspring can survive in a fish population?

Accepted Answer

The chance of survival decreases when there is intraspecific competition for resources among surviving yearlings.

Answer

Resource partitioning allows similar species to coexist in the same ecological community.

Answer

The number of fish surviving after one year is proportional to the number of eggs produced.

Answer

More yearling fish survive beyond one year when there is an abundance of prey species present.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a symbiotic relationship?

Accepted Answer

Intestinal bacteria inhabit the gut of humans.

Answer

Striped bass and bluefish eat the same variety of mackerel.

Answer

Mountain lions feed on white-tailed deer.

Answer

Marsupial animals carry their young in a pouch.

Question 7

This biome contains plants that are adapted to prevent water loss due to the low average rainfall and high temperatures year-round.

Accepted Answer

Desert

Answer

Savanna

Answer

Boreal Forest

Answer

Tropical Rain Forest

Question 8

This biome is characterized by long dry seasons and is dominated by grasses, shrubs, and grazing animals.

Accepted Answer

Savanna

Answer

Boreal Forest

Answer

Tropical Rain Forest

Answer

Desert

Question 9

This biome is warm and wet, with little seasonal variation in temperature and frequent precipitation.

Accepted Answer

Tropical Rain Forest

Answer

Savanna

Answer

Boreal Forest

Answer

Desert

Question 10

Which of the following biomes is best characterized as an area that forms the narrow band along the coast that experiences a range of environmental conditions (including daily changes in sunlight, temperature, and water) ?

Accepted Answer

Intertidal Zones

Answer

Open Ocean

Answer

Lakes

Answer

Coral Reefs

Question 11

Which of the following pathways indicate how nitrogen is added to the largest nitrogen reservoir?

Accepted Answer

Denitrifying bacteria and volcanic activity

Answer

Nitrifying bacteria and lightning

Answer

Decomposing plant and animal material

Answer

Nitrates taken up by plant roots

Question 12

Which of the following would best describe X in the diagram above?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus and nitrogen are both required for plant growth.

Answer

Bacteria play an important role in the conversion of compounds from the atmospheric gas to the form of the compound taken up by plants.

Answer

Volcanic eruptions are a major source of non-anthropogenic inputs.

Answer

Processes include weathering and erosion.

Question 13

Which of the following is the best explanation for why there is such a small amount of phosphorus that moves into aquatic systems?

Accepted Answer

There is not a gaseous phase of the phosphorus cycle, and therefore the movement of phosphorus into oceanic reservoirs is very slow.

Answer

Phosphorus is highly stable in the atmosphere and remains there for long periods of time.

Answer

The amount of phosphorus in the cycle has been greatly reduced because of the use of catalytic converters in automobiles.

Answer

The phosphorus cycle occurs so rapidly that it does not exist in any one reservoir for a very long time.

Question 14

Based on the diagram, which of the following reservoirs contains the most phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

Sediments

Answer

Plants

Answer

Soil

Answer

Oceans

Question 15

Which letter correctly identifies the part of the hydrologic cycle that is most directly affected by impervious building materials, such as concrete and asphalt?

Accepted Answer

D

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Question 16

Which letter correctly identifies a process of the hydrologic cycle in which the phase of water is changed from a liquid to a gas?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 17

Which of the following best describes gross primary productivity in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Gross primary productivity is the total amount of solar energy captured by producers through photosynthesis over time.

Answer

Gross primary productivity is the total amount of energy captured by producers plus the energy used by consumers over time.

Answer

Gross primary productivity is the total amount of energy captured by producers minus the energy that producers respire over time.

Answer

Gross primary productivity is the total amount of energy lost as heat during energy transfer between trophic levels.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the net primary productivity of an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Net primary productivity is the amount of energy lost through respiration by producers subtracted from the gross primary productivity of an ecosystem.

Answer

Net primary productivity is the amount of energy captured by producers through photosynthesis over time.

Answer

Net primary productivity is the amount of energy lost by producers through respiration over time.

Answer

Net primary productivity is the amount of energy lost through respiration by producers added to the gross primary productivity of an ecosystem.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the movement of energy in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Energy is harnessed by producers, and available energy decreases with each trophic level transfer.

Answer

Energy is constantly recycled by decomposers for use by producers.

Answer

Energy is absorbed by plants through water and soil and then moves up the food chain through consumers.

Answer

Energy is magnified as it moves up the trophic levels, and tertiary consumers store the most energy in a food web.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why terrestrial trophic pyramids usually do not have levels higher than tertiary consumers?

Accepted Answer

A large proportion of energy is lost as heat as it is transferred up the pyramid, so there is not enough energy available to support another level.

Answer

Tertiary consumers are the largest organisms in an ecosystem and require the most space to survive.

Answer

Plants can only perform photosynthesis during the day, so tertiary consumers cannot get enough energy from consuming plants.

Answer

Tertiary consumers are often indicator species and are the first to be affected by environmental disturbances.

Question 21

In a given ecosystem, producers convert solar energy into 15,000kcal of chemical energy stored in organic compounds. Which of the following is the most likely amount of energy available to secondary consumers?

Accepted Answer

150 kcal

Answer

1.5 kcal

Answer

1,500 kcal

Answer

13,500 kcal

Question 22

Algae in an aquatic food chain convert solar energy into 93,000 kilocalories of plant tissue.

Which of the following values best represents the amount of energy available for primary consumers in the food chain?

Accepted Answer

9,300 kilocalories

Answer

930 kilocalories

Answer

93,000 kilocalories

Answer

930,000 kilocalories

Question 23

Algae in an aquatic food chain convert solar energy into 93,000 kilocalories of plant tissue.

Which of the following values best represents the amount of energy available for secondary consumers in the food chain?

Accepted Answer

930 kilocalories

Answer

9,300 kilocalories

Answer

93,000 kilocalories

Answer

930,000 kilocalories

Question 24

The X in a cell indicates that the organism is eaten by the consumer in the first column.

Based on the data in the table, which of the following pairs of organisms has two ecological relationships, both competition and predation?

Accepted Answer

Hawks and snakes

Answer

Spiders and shrews

Answer

Spiders and snakes

Answer

Spiders and grasshoppers

Question 25

The X in a cell indicates that the organism is eaten by the consumer in the first column.

Which of the following categories of organisms, which are required for the cycling of matter in an ecosystem, is missing from the table?

Accepted Answer

Decomposers

Answer

Producers

Answer

Primary Consumers

Answer

Secondary Consumers

Question 26

Which of the following is an example of a keystone species?

Accepted Answer

Sea otters

Answer

Beavers

Answer

Elephants

Answer

Kudzu vine

Question 27

Which of the following is not an example of an invasive species?

Accepted Answer

Elephants

Answer

Kudzu vine

Answer

Carp

Answer

Fire ants

Question 28

Which of these human actions impacts multiple nutrient cycles?

Accepted Answer

Deforestation

Answer

Driving gasoline cars

Answer

Burning sulfur- containing coal

Answer

Making fertilizers

Question 29

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity decreases as you move away from the equator

Answer

Biodiversity decreases with increased sunlight

Answer

Biodiversity decreases as you decrease in altitude

Answer

Biodiversity increases as you go further down in the oceans

Question 30

HIPPCO means what?

Accepted Answer

Threats faced by ecosystems & biomes

Answer

A cool nickname for Mr. Hipp

Answer

A law that protects grasslands

Answer

Different invasive species

Question 31

What is true about endemic species?

Accepted Answer

They are more vulnerable to extinction

Answer

They are less vulnerable to extinction

Question 32

The continent with the most amount of biodiversity in the world is

Accepted Answer

South America

Answer

Asia

Answer

North America

Answer

Europe

Question 33

Which one of the following is NOT a major threat faced by biodiversity

Accepted Answer

Invasion of privacy

Answer

Habitat Loss

Answer

Population growth

Answer

Overfishing

Question 34

What acronym is used for biodiversity threats?

Accepted Answer

HIPPCO

Answer

HIPPC

Answer

LIPPCO

Answer

LIOOCH

Question 35

Match the organisms with their role in the ecosystem

Accepted Answer

kudzu vine- invasive, beaver- foundation, sea otter- keystone

Answer

Kudzu vine- invasive, beaver- keystone, sea urchin- foundation

Answer

Kudzu vine- keystone, beaver- invasive, sea otter- keystone

Answer

kudzu vine- foundation, beaver- keystone, sea otter- invasive

Question 36

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Volcanoes creating igneous rock formations lay based for primary succession to take place

Answer

Primary succession is followed by secondary succession

Answer

Primary succession occurs over a shorter time span

Answer

Forest fires and hurricanes lead to primary succession because a soil base still exists

Question 37

Why are sea otters so crucial to an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

They feed on sea urchins which are harmful to kelp forests

Answer

They aren't.

Answer

They build dams and help rivers flow

Answer

They provide us with nutrients

Question 38

Pioneer species like moss and lichen are most likely to show up after

Accepted Answer

primary succession

Answer

secondary succession

Question 39

Organisms that make physical changes and help create habitats are known as

Accepted Answer

Foundation species

Answer

Invasive species

Answer

Keystone species

Answer

Endangered species

Question 40

Which of the following is true about island biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Small islands have less resources

Answer

Small islands are more likely to have more immigrated species

Answer

Small islands have more biodiversity

Answer

Small islands have more species

Question 41

A role played by an organism in an ecosystem is known at its

Accepted Answer

Niche

Answer

Job

Answer

Role

Answer

Duty

Question 42

What is the difference between primary and secondary succcession?

Accepted Answer

Secondary succession already has soil

Answer

Primary succession already has soil

Answer

Lichen and moss come in for secondary succession

Answer

Climax community is achieved quickly in primary succession

Question 43

What prediction is correct about island biogeography?

Accepted Answer

Animals Islands closer to mainland will migrate successfully and there will be more diversity

Answer

Smaller islands have more resources, and will have more biodiversity

Answer

Larger islands have more space for resources, but will have less biodiversity due to competition

Answer

Animals will fly to far away mainland and there will be more diversity

Question 44

Which of the following has a negative impact on biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Accidental introduction of invasive species

Accepted Answer

Burning fossil fuels

Accepted Answer

Burning the Amazon forest

Accepted Answer

Population growth

Accepted Answer

Overconsumption

Question 45

An optimum range is

Accepted Answer

An organism's comfort zone

Answer

A threat to an organism

Answer

An organism's niche

Answer

An organism's species richness

Question 46

Which pair of biogeochemical cycles are most associated with inorganic fertilizer and sewage waste?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus and Nitrogen cycles

Answer

Carbon and Nitrogen cycles

Answer

Carbon and Sulfur cycles

Answer

Sulfur and Nitrogen cycles

Answer

Sulfur and Water cycles

Question 47

Greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere

Accepted Answer

are increasing

Answer

are in steady state

Answer

are decreasing

Answer

can not be measured

Question 48

A positive feedback loop

Accepted Answer

both a and c

Answer

is when feedback into a system increases a rate of response

Answer

is when feedback into a system decreases a rate of response

Answer

may be seen in some examples of population growth

Question 49

Which of the following is not an abiotic factor?

Accepted Answer

bacteria

Answer

sunlight

Answer

pH

Answer

water temperature

Answer

soil texture

Question 50

Choose the correct sequence for energy flow within an ecosystem

Accepted Answer

Producers --> herbivores--> carnivores --> scavengers

Answer

Herbivores --> producers --> carnivores --> scavengers

Answer

Producers --> carnivores --> herbivores--> carnivores

Answer

Scavengers--> carnivores --> herbivores--> producers

Question 51

Which group of organisms perform photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

autotrophs

Answer

scavengers

Answer

heterotrophs

Answer

decomposers

Question 52

Which of the following statements best describes the concept of NPP

Accepted Answer

Energy captured minus energy lost

Answer

total amount of energy available for the sun

Answer

Total amount of energy produced from photosynthesis

Answer

Total amount of cellular respiration conducted within an ecosystem

Question 53

An addition of a limiting nutrient to an ecosystem may lead to an algal bloom. What effect will this algal bloom have on the oxygen content of the water?

Accepted Answer

The algae bloom will cause the oxygen content in the water to decrease, leading to hypoxic conditions

Answer

The algae bloom will cause the oxygen content in the water to increase overall

Answer

The algae bloom will have no impact on the oxygen content of the water

Answer

The algae bloom will cause rapid fluctuations of oxygen in the water

AP Environmental Science Modules

54 questions

Which of the following major storage reservoirs of carbon, stored in the form of carbon dioxide, is not represented in this diagram?

Based on the diagram above, which of the following processes reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Based on the diagram above, which process most directly results in the storage of carbon as coal and oil over millions of years?

Which of the following best describes a symbiotic relationship?

This biome contains plants that are adapted to prevent water loss due to the low average rainfall and high temperatures year-round.

This biome is characterized by long dry seasons and is dominated by grasses, shrubs, and grazing animals.

This biome is warm and wet, with little seasonal variation in temperature and frequent precipitation.

Which of the following statements is true of aquatic biomes?

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