Properties and Changes of Matter

Which procedure would best allow a scientist to observe a chemical property of hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution?

• cooling the HCl solution until it becomes solid, and measuring this temperature

• adding zinc to the HCl solution and observing whether or not bubbles are produced

• placing a conductivity probe into a beaker of HCl solution to determine if it conducts electricity

• measuring the mass of and volume of a sample of HCl solution to find its density

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Suppose that a substance in a beaker is heated over a burner in a science lab. Which observation would most likely indicate that a chemical change has occurred in the substance?

• If the substance is a liquid or solid, an increase in temperature would indicate a chemical change.

• If the substance is a liquid, a change of some of the liquid to gaseous form would indicate a chemical change.

• If the substance is a solid, a change of some of the solid to liquid form would indicate a chemical change.

• If the substance is a liquid or solid, production of an odor would indicate a chemical change.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

The descriptions below explain two ways that water is used by plants on a sunny day.

I. In a process called transpiration, some liquid water in leaves changes to water vapor. The water vapor is released into the air through tiny pores in the leaves. This allows more liquid water from the soil to be pulled up the roots and stem to replace water lost from the leaves.

II. Plants use some of this water in leaves in a process called photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, water and carbon dioxide break apart and recombine to form two new substances, oxygen and glucose.

Based on the above description of transpiration and photosynthesis, which type of change happens to water during each process?

• In transpiration, because some of its properties change, water undergoes a physical change but keeps its identity. In photosynthesis, because its identity changes, water undergoes a chemical change.

• In transpiration, because some of its properties change, water undergoes a chemical change but keeps its identity. In photosynthesis, because its identity changes, water undergoes a physical change.

• In transpiration, because its physical properties change, water undergoes a physical change and loses its identity. In photosynthesis, because it keeps its identity, water undergoes a chemical change.

• In transpiration, because its chemical properties change, water undergoes a chemical change and loses its identity. In photosynthesis, because it keeps its identity, water undergoes a physical change.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Tom mixed a solid and a liquid together in a beaker. He determined that a chemical change occurred.

If his conclusion is correct, which substances could he have been observing and why?

• ice mixed into warm oil, because the change of state that occurred when the ice melted cannot be reversed

• baking soda mixed into vinegar, because the production of bubbles indicates that a new substance formed

• sugar mixed into hot water, because the disappearance of solid indicates that the chemical identity of the sugar changed

• sand mixed into water, because when sand was added the mass of the beaker increased

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

If two items are equal in size, the denser one will

• be lighter.

• be heavier.

• have more volume.

• have less volume.

What is the density of a 700 kg object with a volume of 649 m³? (Density: D = m/v)

• 0.927 kg/m³

• .4543 kg/m³

• 1.079 kg/m³

• 4.543 kg/m³

The density of an object is .835 g/cm³. If its volume is 34 cm³, what is the mass of the object? (Density: D =m/v)

• .02 g

• .41 g

• 28.39 g

• 40.72 g

A column is filled with four different liquids of different densities. A red liquid, a blue liquid, a green liquid, and a purple liquid are all added into the column.

This chart shows the densities of the liquids.

In what order would the liquids would arrange themselves, from top to bottom?

• blue, red, purple, green.

• purple, green, red, blue.

• purple, green, blue, red.

• blue, red, green, purple.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Which describes a feature of the physical properties of all substances?

• can dissolve in water

• can conduct heat and electricity

• rearranges atoms to form new substances

• does not change the identity of a substance

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Which would show an example of how physical changes are reversible?

• cutting a gold bar in two pieces and then putting the pieces next to each other

• burning a match and then relighting it

• melting tin and then cooling it into a mold

• combining sodium and chlorine to make the new material of table salt

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4