ELS Reviewer

During an exciting science class, Angelo, Priya, and David were buzzing with curiosity about the origins of the universe. Angelo raised his hand and asked their teacher, "What’s the story behind how everything began?" With a twinkle in her eye, the teacher explained that the universe started from a single, extremely hot and dense point. Can you guess which fascinating theory she was talking about?

• Big Bang Theory

• Nebular Theory

• Oscillating Universe Theory

• Steady State Theory

During an exciting science class, Elijah raised his hand and asked, "Hey everyone, why do we think the big bang theory is the coolest explanation for how the universe began?" Tim, always ready with some fun options, chimed in with a few ideas for us to ponder.

• Because it describes an endless cycle of expansion and contraction, like a cosmic yo-yo!

• Because it claims that the universe has always existed without change, like a never-ending story.

• Because this theory suggests that the universe has always been here and will always be present, just like our friendship!

• Because it is supported by observable evidence such as CMB Radiation and the redshift of galaxies, making it super scientific!

During an exciting school project, our curious friends Angelo and Tim teamed up with their classmates Samuel and Aria to dive into the wonders of space phenomena. They stumbled upon the mesmerizing topic of nebulae! Now, according to NASA, can you guess what elements are primarily found in a nebula?

• Carbon, Iron and Carbon Dioxide

• Beryllium, Oxygen and Nickel

• Hydrogen, Helium and Ionized gases

• Hydrogen, Lithium and Nitrogen

During an exciting science project, Zoe and Tim were deep in discussion about the fascinating ways planets come to be. Zoe excitedly pointed out that the way Earth gathered materials hints at a layered structure during its formation. Can you guess which type of accretion she is talking about?

• Heterogenous

• Homogenous

• Planetary

• Terrestrial

During an exciting school project, Grace and Mason are diving into the fascinating world of how plants transform sunlight into energy. They are curious about the dynamic interaction between which two subsystems in this amazing process?

• Atmosphere and Biosphere

• Biosphere and Geosphere

• Geosphere and Hydrosphere

• Hydrosphere and Atmosphere

During an exciting science class, Henry and Anika were deep in discussion about the fascinating layers of the Earth. Henry enthusiastically pointed out that the layer made up of iron and nickel is found at the very center of our planet. Can you guess what this intriguing layer is called?

• Core

• Crust

• Inner Core

• Outer Core

In a lively science class, Kai and Olivia were deep in a cosmic debate about the universe. Tim excitedly brought up the steady state theory, but Mia chimed in with some fascinating recent discoveries. What groundbreaking evidence did they uncover that led them to toss the steady state theory out the window?

• The discovery of the CMB radiation.

• The idea of the universe is motionless.

• The discovery that earth is the center of the universe.

• The observation that galaxies are moving closer to each other.

Hey there, space explorers! Liam and Mia are on an exciting mission to uncover the secrets of how planets are formed. They’ve got their telescopes ready and are diving deep into the cosmic dust. Can you help them figure out the correct sequence of accretion that leads to the birth of a planet?

• dust clumps → planet → protoplanet → planetesimals

• dust clumps → planetesimals → protoplanet → planet

• planetesimals → planet → dust clumps → protoplanet

• protoplanet → planetesimals → planet → dust clumps

In a lively science class, Anika and Jackson are deep in discussion about the fascinating formation of planets. They are curious to find out which of the following statements aligns with the evidence for each accretion hypothesis.

• Both homogeneous and heterogeneous accretion theories explain why gas giants formed first.

• Homogeneous accretion explains how Earth’s atmosphere formed, while heterogeneous accretion explains the water cycle.

• Homogeneous accretion explains density differences among terrestrial planets, while heterogeneous accretion explains the presence of volatile elements in the core.

• Homogeneous accretion provides a mechanism for the presence of volatile elements in the core, while heterogeneous accretion explains the density differences among terrestrial planets.

Nora and Liam are on a quest to uncover the mysteries of weather and climate for their exciting science project. They discover that weather is to __________ as climate is to __________. Can you help them fill in the blanks?

• atmosphere; temperature

• hot; cold

• long term; short term

• short term; long term