Quiz about Environmental Science Earth Systems

Question 1

Which gas in our atmosphere is most abundant?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Argon

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Carbon Dioxide

Question 2

What is the percentage of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

21%

Answer

1%

Answer

78%

Answer

90%

Question 3

In which layer of the atmosphere does weather occur?

Accepted Answer

Troposphere

Answer

Thermosphere/Exosphere

Answer

Stratosphere

Answer

Mesosphere

Question 4

Which layer of Earth's atmosphere contains the greatest percentage of gases?

Accepted Answer

Troposphere

Answer

Thermosphere/Exosphere

Answer

Stratosphere

Answer

Mesosphere

Question 5

What is the outer most main layer of Earth's atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Thermosphere/Exosphere

Answer

Troposphere

Answer

Stratosphere

Answer

Mesosphere

Question 6

Which layer of the atmosphere contains the protective ozone layer?

Accepted Answer

Stratosphere

Answer

Thermosphere/Exosphere

Answer

Troposphere

Answer

Mesosphere

Question 7

What is the correct order of atmosphere layers from the Earth to outer space?

Accepted Answer

troposphere - stratosphere - mesosphere - thermosphere - exosphere

Answer

exosphere - mesosphere - stratosphere - thermosphere - troposphere

Answer

mesophere - stratosphere - troposphere - thermosphere - exosphere

Answer

stratosphere - mesosphere - exosphere - thermosphere - troposphere

Question 8

Earth is surrounded by an envelope of gases called the

Accepted Answer

atmosphere

Answer

biosphere

Answer

hydrosphere

Answer

lithosphere

Question 9

Which layer of the atmosphere has the coldest average temperature?

Accepted Answer

Mesosphere

Answer

Thermosphere/Exosphere

Answer

Troposphere

Answer

Stratosphere

Question 10

Which statement best describes the ozone layer surrounding Earth?

Accepted Answer

It helps reduce the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the surface of earth

Answer

It increases the amount of nitrogen in the troposphere of Earth.

Answer

It forms a magnetic field in the mesosphere of Earth.

Answer

It prevents the formation of severe storms in the stratosphere of Earth.

Question 11

What causes the Coriolis effect?

Accepted Answer

Earth's rotation.

Answer

Earth's shape.

Answer

Earth's revolution around the Sun.

Answer

Earth's energy flows from the equator to the poles.

Question 12

Which of the following gases is one of those responsible for the greenhouse effect?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Ozone

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Nitrogen

Question 13

At the equator, the Sun's rays strike Earth's surface at about which angle?

Accepted Answer

90 degrees

Answer

10 degrees.

Answer

25 degrees.

Answer

45 degrees.

Question 14

Which is the most abundant element in Earth's atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen.

Answer

Oxygen.

Answer

Argon.

Answer

Hydrogen.

Question 15

The general weather conditions over a very,very, long period of time is called the _______.

Accepted Answer

Climate.

Answer

Weather.

Answer

Forecast.

Answer

Biome.

Question 16

Which of the following processes correctly identifies the way in which the Sun heats the Earth?

Accepted Answer

Radiation.

Answer

Convection.

Answer

Radioactivity.

Answer

Conduction.

Question 17

Divergent boundaries are responsible for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Seafloor Spreading

Answer

Underwater Lakes

Answer

Mountains

Answer

Canyons

Question 18

Convergent boundaries are when:

Accepted Answer

Two tectonic plates move towards each other.

Answer

Two tectonic plates move away from each other.

Answer

Two tectonic plates move back and forth against each other

Answer

Two tectonic plates sway with each other simple dance.

Question 19

Transform plates are responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Earthquakes

Answer

Seafloor spreading

Answer

Volcanoes

Answer

Decipticons

Question 20

What the currents underneath the earth that cause tectonic plates to move?

Accepted Answer

Convection currents

Answer

Concave currents.

Answer

Carbon currents

Answer

Water currents

Question 21

The Law of Superposition helps scientists to determine what?

Accepted Answer

The relative age of rock layers

Answer

The absolute age of rock layers

Answer

The age of fossils

Answer

the super powers of rocks

Question 22

The youngest material of the ocean floor is found at mid-ocean _________.

Accepted Answer

ridges

Answer

trenches

Answer

basins

Answer

rifts

Question 23

Many scientists think hot plastic-like rock in the mantle is forced upward toward the surface, cools, and sinks.  This process is called a(n) _________.

Accepted Answer

convection current

Answer

earthquake

Answer

convergent boundary

Answer

volcano

Question 24

The _________ is the thinnest layer of Earth.

Accepted Answer

crust

Answer

outer core

Answer

inner core

Answer

mantle

Question 25

_______ are formed when two continental plates collide.

Accepted Answer

Mountain ranges

Answer

Transform faults

Answer

Rift valleys

Answer

Volcanoes

Question 26

The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a ________.

Accepted Answer

transform fault

Answer

divergent boundary

Answer

convergent boundary

Answer

subduction zone

Question 27

the general terms for the movement of sediment by wind, water, glaciers

Accepted Answer

erosion

Answer

weathering

Answer

deposition

Question 28

the breakdown of rock into smaller pieces of the same rock without any change in its composition

Accepted Answer

mechanical weathering

Answer

chemical weathering

Answer

erosion

Answer

deposition

Question 29

the breakdown or decomposition of rock that takes place when minerals change through chemical processes

Accepted Answer

chemical weathering

Answer

mechanical weathering

Answer

erosion

Answer

deposition

Question 30

the process in which sediment particles are picked up and moved from one place to another

Accepted Answer

erosion

Answer

mechanical weathering

Answer

chemical weathering

Answer

deposition

Question 31

the part of the erosion process in which sediment travels to a new location and is laid down or dropped off

Accepted Answer

deposition

Answer

chemical weathering

Answer

mechanical weathering

Answer

erosion

Question 32

Roots grow into cracks of a rock and pry them apart

Accepted Answer

mechanical (biological) weathering

Answer

chemical weathering

Answer

erosion

Answer

deposition

Question 33

carbon dioxide dissolves in water then weathers marble and limestone

Accepted Answer

chemical weathering

Answer

mechanical weathering

Answer

erosion

Answer

deposition

Question 34

The Hawaiian islands were formed as a result of

Accepted Answer

plate movements following volcanic activity at a hot spot region

Answer

two plate boundaries diverging from each other

Answer

two plates converging

Answer

transform plate boundary movement

Question 35

Which of these is the best design solution for a building in an area with many earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

one that hangs over a concrete core

Answer

one that is rigid and anchored to the ground

Answer

one built on soft soil

Answer

one that has many windows

Question 36

Which of these is the result of erosion by gravity?

Accepted Answer

a landslide

Answer

a rock arch

Answer

a sand dune

Answer

a fossil layer

Question 37

Many things can break rocks into smaller particles and move them around. What changes rocks into large, U-shaped valleys?

Accepted Answer

glaciers

Answer

heavy rain

Answer

strong winds

Answer

winding rivers

Question 38

What is the best explanation for why oceanic crust is subducted by continental crust?

Accepted Answer

Oceanic crust is denser than continental crust.

Answer

The oceanic crust is cooler than continental crust.

Answer

Continental crust is denser than oceanic crust.

Answer

The oceanic crust is hotter than continental crust.

Question 39

Hawaiian islands were formed as a result of volcanic activity over a hot spot region. Which of the following statements best describes how a chain of islands were formed?

Accepted Answer

divergence and plate movement away from hot spot

Answer

convergence with volcanic rock combining together to form islands

Answer

plate movement in different directions spreading out the islands

Answer

chain of hot spots and volcanoes, each forming an island

Question 40

If the Hawaiian island were formed over a hot spot region, which island is the youngest in the chain?

Accepted Answer

the one closest to, or right above, the hot spot

Answer

the one farthest away from the hot spot

Answer

the one in the middle of the chain

Answer

they are all roughly the same age

Question 41

The process by which sediment is MOVED from one place to another; can be caused by water, wind, ice, and gravity.

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Rock Cycle

Answer

Uplift

Answer

Deposition

Question 42

The process by which water, wind, ice, and changes in temperature BREAK DOWN rock into fragments called sediments.

Accepted Answer

weathering

Answer

cementation

Answer

deposition

Answer

erosion

Question 43

Carbon dioxide (CO2) combines with water as raindrops fall through the atmosphere. This makes a weak acid, called carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is a very common in nature, where it works to dissolve rock. Pollutants, such as sulfur and nitrogen from fossil fuel burning, create sulfuric and nitric acid. Sulfuric and nitric acids are the two main components of acid rain, which speeds up chemical weathering.

What type of weathering is occuring?

Accepted Answer

chemical

Answer

biological

Answer

mechanical

Answer

physical

Question 44

What is mechanical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.

Answer

Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.

Answer

Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.

Answer

Rocks broken down by machinery.

Question 45

The diagrams shows a natural process that weathers rock.
Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?

Accepted Answer

water expands when it freezes

Answer

frozen water acts as a solute

Answer

the mass of water increases when it freezes

Answer

frozen water dissolves most types of rock

Question 46

The process by which water, ice, wind or gravity moves weathered rock and soil from one place to another.

Accepted Answer

erosion

Answer

weathering

Answer

deposition

Answer

dumptruck

Question 47

Which soil "horizon" is referred to as Topsoil?

Accepted Answer

A Horizon

Answer

O Horizon

Answer

B Horizon

Answer

C Horizon

Question 48

Which soil "horizon" contains organic matter?

Accepted Answer

O Horizon

Answer

A Horizon

Answer

B Horizon

Answer

C Horizon

Question 49

The low anchovy catch in 1998 was most likely the result of

Accepted Answer

reduced ocean upwelling along the coast

Answer

an increase in the number of hurricanes

Answer

an increase in the population of anchovy predators

Answer

unusually strong trade winds

Question 50

Which of the following best explains why City B regularly receives less precipitation than City A?

Accepted Answer

The rain shadow effect causes City B to be drier because the mountain blocks precipitation from reaching the city.

Answer

Air that is forced upward on the side of the mountain near City B leads to the formation of stratospheric clouds.

Answer

As air rises up the side of the mountain near City B, the temperature and the relative humidity increase, causing increased precipitation on the other side of the mountain over City A.

Answer

The urban heat island from City B causes a warmer climate that leads to reduced cloud formation.

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