Dialysis

The goals of hemodialysis are:

· Removal of waste products

· Regulation of fluid balance

· Correction of electrolyte and acid/base imbalance

• True

• False

The dialyzer membrane is semipermeable because:

• Electrolytes pass through it

• Water and wastes pass through it

• Blood cells don't pass through it

• Bacteria and viruses don't pass through it

• All of the above

During hemodialysis, wastes are removed by:

• Osmosis

• Diffusion

• Filtration

• Ultrafiltration

Removal of waste during hemodialysis is enhanced by:

• A. Greater permeability of the membrane (larger pores)

• B. More membrane surface area

• C. Countercurrent flow of dialysate and blood

• D. Lower dialysate temperature

• E. All but D

During hemodialysis, excess fluid is removed by:

• Osmosis

• Diffusion

• Filtration

• Ultrafiltration

Ultrafiltration works due to pressure. This pressure is measured inside of the dialyzer and is called:

• Dialyzer pressure

• Positive pressure

• Negative pressure

• Transmembrane pressure

A high flux dialyzer removes both wastes and water more efficiently

• True

• False

Access to the patient's bloodstream is necessary for hemodialysis. The most reliable, problem-free and longest-lasting hemodialysis vascular access is:

• Arteriovenous graft (AVG) (graft)

• Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) (fistula)

• Central venous catheter (CVC) (catheter)

• Femoral catheter

An arteriovenous fistula is a surgically-created connection between:

• Two veins

• Two arteries

• An artery and a vein directly

• An artery and a vein via implanted bovine carotid artery

The hemodialysis machine:

• Mixes and monitors dialysate

• Pumps and monitors the patients blood

• Monitors patient safety

• All of the above