Unit 4 Physical Science

Which of the following best describes an alpha particle

• A negatively charged particle, consisting of a neutron, that is emitted from an atom undergoing radioactive decay.

• A positively charged particle, consisting of two protons and two neutrons, that is emitted from an atom undergoing radioactive decay.

• An atom that results from the radioactive decay of another atom.

• Radioactive energy, not matter, that is emitted during radioactive decay

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When an unstable nucleus decays, it emits matter and energy. This process is called.....

• Transmutation

• Radioactivity

• Daughter Isotope

• Parent Isotope

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The diagram shows a nuclear reaction.

Which type of reaction is shown in the diagram?

• fusion, because the reaction released energy

• fission, because the reaction absorbed energy

• fusion, because the reaction formed heavier nuclei

• fission, because the reaction formed lighter nuclei

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In which type of reaction do two lighter nuclei combine to form one heavier nucleus?

• nuclear fission

• nuclear fusion

• combustion

• reduction

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A nuclear fission reaction and a nuclear fusion reaction are similar because both reactions

• form light nuclei from heavy nuclei.

• form heavy nuclei from light nuclei.

• absorb a large amount of energy.

• release a large amount of energy

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Which pair of nuclei can undergo a fusion reaction?

• Potassium-40 and cadmium-113

• Hydrogen-2 and hydrogen-3

• Zinc-64 and calcium-44

• Uranium-238 and lead-208

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Which change takes place in a nuclear fusion reaction?

• Covalent bonds are converted to ionic bonds

• Ionic bonds are converted to covalent bonds.

• Matter is converted to energy

• Energy is converted to matter

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Which are nuclear reactions that produce energy by either splitting a nucleus or joining nuclei?

• A. fission and fusion

• B. chemical and fusion

• C. electrical and mechanical

• D. fission and electromagnetic

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When a uranium nucleus breaks up into fragments, which type of nuclear reaction occurs?

• A. fission

• B. replacement

• C. fusion

• D. redox

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How do nuclear fusion reactions differ from nuclear fission reactions?

• Nuclear fusion reactions convert all energy into mass.

• Nuclear fusion reactions follow the law of conservation of matter.

• Nuclear fusion reactions form lighter isotopes from heavier isotopes.

• Nuclear fusion reactions form heavier isotopes from lighter isotopes.

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