Review for ice caps and ocean currents

The Arctic is warming faster than the rest of the planet primarily because:

• The albedo feedback loop creates an accelerating cycle of warming

• There are more greenhouse gases concentrated in the Arctic

• The Arctic receives more solar radiation than other regions

• Arctic winds distribute heat more effectively

The relationship between surface color and temperature change is best described as:

• Darker surfaces warm more quickly than lighter surfaces

• All surfaces warm at the same rate regardless of color

• Lighter surfaces warm more quickly than darker surfaces

• Surface color has no effect on warming

The 'ice-albedo feedback loop' refers to:

• Ice reflecting solar radiation while darker surfaces absorb it

• Ice causing global cooling at all times

• The process of ice formation in winter

• The relationship between ice and air pressure

Fill in the blank: The immediate effect of freshwater from melting ice on ocean currents is that it ________.

• makes currents move faster

• increases water density

• decreases water density

• has no effect on ocean currents

What role do ocean currents play in Earth's climate system?

• They only affect local weather patterns

• They distribute heat globally and influence climate patterns

• They have minimal impact on climate

• They only affect coastal regions

The term "albedo" refers to:

• The temperature of a surface

• The amount of radiation a surface reflects

• The density of ocean water

• The speed of ocean currents

When Arctic ice melts, the exposed ocean surface:

• Reflects more solar radiation than the ice did

• Absorbs more solar radiation than the ice did

• Maintains the same albedo as the ice

• Becomes completely transparent to radiation

Rising Arctic temperatures are likely to:

• Decrease global sea levels

• Have no effect on ocean circulation

• Disrupt established ocean circulation patterns

• Increase Arctic ice formation

What happens to air temperature above darker surfaces?

• It remains constant

• It decreases

• It increases due to heat transfer from the warmer surface

• It is unaffected by surface temperature

The main reason ice sheets reflect more solar radiation than water is:

• Ice is colder than water

• Ice has a higher albedo than water

• Ice is more transparent than water

• Ice is denser than water