How the Universe Works

What is the big bang theory?

• A theory that states that the universe started in a large mass and then imploded to form everything.

• A theory that states that the universe was there, will be and is there. Is homogeneous and isotropic.

• A theory that states that the universe is slowly coming back to a center.

• A theory that states that the universe started in a small mass and then expanded, the expansion cooled down the temperature and that resulted in the formation of matter, energy, space and time.

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What were the original two elements in our universe?

• Hydrogen and Lithium

• Helium and Oxygen

• Helium and Hydrogen

• None of the above

At 10,000 degrees Celsius, hydrogen begins to change into helium and energy is released in a process called nuclerar fusion, this process occurs in: ______

• Planets. This is the reason planets reflect the sun´s light.

• Stars. That´s one of the reason stars have their own light.

• Earth´s core. This is the reason the core is melting the mantle.

• Stars. This is the reason stars are balls of fire.

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The red-shift in the spectral lines of light, reaching us from other galaxies implies that these galaxies ____________.

• Are moving closer to one another

• Are moving farther apart from one another

• Are in rapid rotation

• Redshift doesn´t exist

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The steady state theory holds that the universe:____

• Looks essentially the same from every spot in it and at every time. It is homogenous and isotropic in space and time. It has uniform density so matter is continuously created.

• Is homogeneous and its density is uniformly distributed. At the beginning the tiny dot expanded and spread out all the universe´s density.

• Is a black dot that expanded to form all space, matter, time and energy. It is continously changing and it probably is going to crush.

• None of the above

The arguments supporting the Big Bang theory mostly contradicts some of the Steady State theory. Matter is created out of nothing and the neverchanging universe is refuted by: _____

• Light from distant galaxies will get redshifted, the wavelengths of light they're releasing will get longer, and thus redder. Matter cannot be created or destroy, only transformed.

• Light from distant galaxies will get redshifted, the wavelengths of light they're releasing will get longer, and thus redder, from the perspective of

• The law of conservation of matter states that matter is never created or destroyed, it is only transformed from one state to another.

• None of the above

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The age of the universe is probably close to___________________

• 14 million years

• 4 ½ billion years

• 15 billion years

• 30 billion years

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The term big bang refers to _______________.

• The origin of the universe

• The ultimate fate of the universe

• A supernova explosion

• The formation of a quasar

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During science class, when we were discussing about the universe expansion, we talked about TIME. Why do we say that time is relative? Choose the option that best answers the question.

• Time is not relative because, Time does not exist it is an illusion. It is not measurable.

• Time is relative because it depends on the observer. For example, if the observer is having a good moment, time flies; but if the observer is nod having a good moment, time passes slowly.

• Time depends on the space and quantum physics. If the observer is looking at the hour it goes slowly.

During class we were talking about electrons, protons and neutrons, and we talked about their charges. We said electrons are negatively charged, protons have positive charge and neutrons have no charge. To explain how charges work I did a demonstration with a ruler and little pieces of papers. Would you please answer why the papers are attracted to the ruler? Choose the option that best answers the question.

• When Marce rubbed the ruler on her hair, the the negatively charged ruler is brought near to the paper pieces, they are attracted to the ruler as the the electrons move around on the paper because of the large charge on the ruler. Electrons will move away from the ruler leaving a positive charge on the paper near the ruler, so they are attracted.

• When Marce rubbed the ruler on her hair, the the negatively charged ruler is brought near to the paper pieces, tbecause it it immediately become magnetic due to the amount of magnetite in Marce´s hair.

• That did not happen with the ruler during class. We did not carry out that demostration.

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