FCAT 2.0 Science Review

Use the table to answer the following questions. In astronomical units, about how much farther is Saturn from the Sun than Jupiter is?

• 2 AU

• 655,000,000 AU

• 4.38 AU

• 5.2 AU

Which statement is true about our universe?

• Objects in our universe only give off light and heat energy.

• The universe contains only a few galaxies such as our own called the Milky way galaxy.

• All objects in our universe revolve around our Sun.

• The universe contains many billions of galaxies and that each galaxy contains billions of stars.

Venus and Earth both experience a ____ because of heat trapped by their atmospheres.

• cloud cover

• slow rotation

• greenhouse effect

• cooling effect

What causes planets and other space objects to revolve around the Sun rather than going off in a straight line as indicated by the solid arrow in this picture?

• inertia - once an object is traveling in a circle it will keep traveling in a circle

• gravity - the Sun is pulling the object toward it

• gravity - the object is pulling the Sun toward it

• all of the above

A measure of the amount of light received on Earth is a star's _____.

• apparent magnitude

• absolute magnitude

• position in space

• size

Jessie draws the diagram below (not to scale) to show the relative sizes of several parts of the universe. Which of these is larger than a solar system, but smaller than the universe?

• comet

• galaxy

• moon

• star

What is solar wind?

• charged particles streaming toward the Sun

• a wind pattern in Earth’s atmosphere caused by the air being warmed by the Sun

• charged particles streaming away from the Sun

• huge bubbles of gas ejected from the corona of the Sun

The orbits of ____ lie closer to the Sun than does Earth's orbit.

• Mercury and Mars

• Mercury and Venus

• Mars and Venus

• Jupiter and Mercury

In the geocentric model of the solar system the ___________ is the center of the solar system.

• Earth

• Sun

• red giant star

• Neptune

Which phase of the Moon is shown if this is a picture of what the sky looks like at midnight?

• third quarter moon

• first quarter moon

• half moon

• full moon