Geologic life over time

Scientific knowledge can withstand the test of time because

• Advancements in technology have no impact on science.

• It is open to change as new evidence or data is discovered.

• Scientific theories have been proven beyond doubt.

• Exceptions can be made regarding scientific law.

Which of the following household appliances is designed to directly convert electrical energy to heat energy?

• A fan

• A stove

• A garbage disposal

• A can opener

What organism most likely evolved from this early species?

• Fish

• Squirrel

• Rabbit

• Bird

In the diagram

• Earth's evolutionary history is organized into a repeating cycle.

• Earth's geologic history is shown to have not changed over time.

• Earth's geologic history is organized into a repeating cycle.

• Earth's evolutionary history is organized into intervals.

What types of elements are useful for dating materials?

• Radioactive

• Metals

• Nonmetals

• Noble gases

Scientific inquiry includes many different activities. Which of the following is a process that is typically performed during a scientific inquiry?

• Formulating questions

• Collecting data

• Evaluating data

• All of these

The diagrams shows a stack of rock layers. Layer T contains a well-know index fossils that is 120 million years old. Layer R contains a different index fossil that is 100 million years old. Based on this information and the principle of superposition, how old is Layer M?

• either 20 million or 220 milllion years old

• between 100 million and 120 million years old

• younger than 100 milion years

• older than 120 million years

There are many different types of scientific investigations. Which of the following forms requires the identification and control of variables?

• Model-building

• Observational field studies

• Laboratory experiments

• Collection of specimens

Most of the changes that the Earth has undergone over its 4.5-billion year existence have been due to

• Human processes

• Natural processes

• The burning of fossil fuels

• Urbanization

Due to the ability to camouflage itself from predators the White Peppered Moth of England was once more abundant that the Black Peppered Moth. As the Industrial Revolution hit, factories began to release black soot which coated everything, including tree bark. Because the moths'

habitat was now darker, the white moth became much more susceptible to predators. At the same time, the Black Peppered moth was now more protected and began to increase in number. This story is an example of

• Mutation

• Natural selection

• Endangered species

• Extinction