Physical Science Cast

Match the following subatomic particles to their charge:

• Negative Charge

• Neutron

• Postive charge

• Electron

• No charge

• Proton

The center of the atom is called the

• nucleus

• proton

• electron

• neutron

Answer explanation

The center of the atom is called the nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-1

The movement of this particle is responsible for electrical energy​

• electron

• proton

• neutron

• nucleus

Answer explanation

The movement of electrons is responsible for electrical energy, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

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Which model shows a balanced chemical reaction?

• 
• 
• 

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

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According to this model, which molecule is a product from the chemical reaction?

• Fe

• CuSO₄

• Cu

• FeSO₄

Answer explanation

The correct product from the chemical reaction is FeSO4, as indicated by the model.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

Look at the diagram of the roller coaster.

Evaluate the relative potential energy at points 1-4.

The height is in meters (m),

Which two statements correctly describe the relative potential energy at various points on the track?

• At (1) the potential energy is greater than the potential energy at (3)

• At (2) the potential energy is greater than the potential energy at (3)

• At (3) the potential energy is greater than the potential energy at (4)

• At (4) the potential energy is greater than the potential energy at (2)

Answer explanation

At (1) and (2), the potential energy is higher than at (3) and (4), making the statements 'At (1) the potential energy is greater than the potential energy at (3)' and 'At (2) the potential energy is greater than the potential energy at (3)' correct.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

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At boxing practice, Nathan works with his coach to improve the strength of his punch. Nathan says that the reason the bag is heavy is so that it can absorb plenty of elastic potential energy. Is he correct?

• Yes, he is correct.

• No, the bag absorbs thermal energy.

• No, the bag absorbs gravitational potential energy.

• No, the bag is heavy so that its mass will only accelerate a small amount when he punches it.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'No, the bag is heavy so that its mass will only accelerate a small amount when he punches it.' This is because the heavy bag's mass resists acceleration, helping Nathan build strength in his punches.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Nathan lost his balance when he hit the bag with a hard punch. He says that was because of the reaction force from his punch, which was large because the bag is heavy. Is he correct?

• Yes, he is correct.

• No, it is not the weight, it is the large mass of the bag that gives the large reaction force.

• No, the reaction force depends on the force of Nathan's punch, not on the mass of the bag.

• No, the bag does not exert a reaction force, because it is flexible.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'No, the reaction force depends on the force of Nathan's punch, not on the mass of the bag.' The reaction force is determined by the force applied, not the mass of the bag.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Nathan notices that when the bag moves away from him, it swings upward. Then, it slows to a stop and then swings back. Nathan knows that the _____ energy of the bag is converted to gravitational potential energy as the bag swings upward.

• kinetic

• potential

• thermal

• elastic

Answer explanation

The correct choice is kinetic because as the bag moves away from Nathan, it has kinetic energy which is then converted to gravitational potential energy as it swings upward.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Marcia and her father are on a seesaw at a park. Since her father is heavier, he can only balance the seesaw if he sits closer to the pivot of the seesaw than Marcia does. Marcia has a mass of 40 kg. Her father has a mass of 80 kg. While the seesaw has a mass of 8 kg. The total gravitational force on Marcia, her father, and the seesaw is _____ Newtons downward.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

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