Thermal Energy Critical

1. Veronica is drink a cup of hot cocoa that is very hot. She accidently dropped it onto the cool countertop when she went to pick up her mug. What happens to the molecules in the countertop when the temperature is increasing?

• a. More heat molecules combine with the molecules in the countertop.

• b. The cold energy of the molecules in the countertop decreases.

• c. The energy of the molecules in the countertop decreases.

• d. The energy of the molecules in the countertop increases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

2. Kekoa made a pot of strawberry jam, then put it into containers to store it. The containers are placed in two separate stacks. The diagram below shows the containers of strawberry jam before they touch each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. After a while, which of the two top containers will be cooler, and why?

• a. The smaller top container will be cooler than the larger top container, because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of the bottom container.

• b. Both top containers will be the same temperature, because both of the bottom containers have the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the top containers started with the same energy.

• c. The larger top container will be cooler than the smaller top container. It started with more total energy, so less energy has to transfer for both containers in the stack to reach the same total energy.

• c. The larger top container will be cooler than the smaller top container. It started with more total energy, so less energy has to transfer for both containers in the stack to reach the same total energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

3. Calculate the average kinetic energy of following diagram.

• a. 30 kJ

• b. 2 kJ

• c. 15 kJ

• d. 5 kJ

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

4. The 2 objects in the picture are pushed together. How will the energy transfer?

• a. From the top object to the bottom object.

• b. From the bottom object to the top object.

• c. There will be no transfer, they are already at an equilibrium.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

5. Jason put an orange on top of an ice pack in his lunch bag. By lunchtime the temperature of his orange had decreased. What happened to the molecules in the orange when the temperature of the apple decreased?

• a. The energy of the molecules in the orange decreased.

• b. The cold energy of the molecules in the orange increased.

• c. The orange lost heat molecules.

• d. The energy of the molecules in the orange increased.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

6. Calculate the average kinetic energy of the diagram

• a. 9 kJ

• b. 27 kJ

• c. 30 kJ

• d. 3 kJ

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

7. How does the temperature of the top cube compare with the temperature of the bottom cube before touching, and what will happen when the cubes have been touching for a while?

• a. Before the cubes touch, the bottom cube is hotter than the top cube. Once the cubes are touching, the cooler top cube will gain kinetic energy until the molecules of both cubes have an energy of 7, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.

• b. Before the cubes touch, the bottom cube is hotter than the top cube. Once the cubes are touching, the bottom cube will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler top cube until both cubes reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• c. Before the cubes touch, the bottom cube is cooler than the top cube. Once the cubes are touching, the top cube will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler bottom cube until both cubes reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• d. Before the cubes touch, the two cubes are different temperatures. Once the cubes are touching, both kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two cubes until both cubes reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which object is hotter?

• a. Object A because it has the highest average kinetic energy.

• b. Object B because it has the highest average kinetic energy.

• c. Object C because it has the highest average kinetic energy.

• d. Object C because it has the most molecules with high kinetic energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

What will happen if object A was placed on top of object C?

• a. Object A will warm up Object C by transferring energy to it.

• b. Object C will warm up Object A by transferring energy to it.

• c. No energy will transfer because they are already in a state of equilibrium.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Eric pours some iced tea into a glass. When he puts the iced tea in the glass, the energy of the glass decreases. What must be true of the energy of the iced tea?

• a. The ice tea's energy decreases while the energy of the glass decreases.

• b. The ice tea's energy increases while the energy of the glass decreases.

• c. The ice tea's energy stays the same while the energy of the glass decreases.

• d. It is impossible to know without data on the number of molecules in each object.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5